KONSEP KEADILAN MENURUT AL-QUR’AN DAN PARA FILOSOF
Abstract
Abstract: Islam offers sufficiently values of justice. However, these values have not been explored adequately because most Muslim people regard Islam as synonymous with formal ritual. In the above context, this paper discusses the similarities and differences of the concept of justice according to the Qur'an, the interpreters, and philosophers. In essence, the concept of justice of the philosophers is not different from that of the Qur'an. The philosophers gave birth to the concept of justice departing from pure reason. The reason is based on the empirical world, the reality of the society. Based on the reflection of philosophers it was born the concept of justice. The concept of justice of the Qur'an is deductive while the views of the philosophers is inductive. In the Qur'an, the truth was already there in the form of God's revelation. All you need to do is to understand and apply these truths in real life. Instead, for philosophers the truth should be sought through the reflection of mind. Thus, the idea of justice can be obtained through a set of deep contemplation departing from a doubt.
Islam menawarkan nilai-nilai keadilan yang cukup memadai. Namun demikian, nilai-nilai tersebut belum digali secara memadai karena kebanyakan masyarakat Islam menganggap Islam identik dengan ritual formal saja. Dalam konteks di atas, tulisan ini membahas persamaan dan perbedaan konsep keadilan menurut al-Qur’an, mufassir, dan filosof. Pada esensinya, konsep para filosof tidak berbeda dengan al-Qur’an. Para filosof melahirkan konsep keadilan berangkat dari penalaran murni atau akal budi yang didasarkan pada dunia empirik, realitas pada masyarakat. Dari perenungan itulah lahir konsep keadilan. Perbedaannya adalah konsep al-Qur’an bersifat deduktif sementara pandangan para filosof bersifat induktif. Dalam al-Qur’an, kebenaran itu sudah ada berupa wahyu Tuhan. Yang perlu dilakukan adalah memahami dan menerapkan kebenaran tersebut dalam kehidupan. Sebaliknya, bagi filosof kebenaran itu belum ada, perlu dicari lewat penalaran akal budi. Dengan demikian, ide keadilan bisa didapatkan lewat perenungan yang mendalam dengan berangkat dari keraguan.
Keywords: keadilan, al-Quran, filosof, mufassir.
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