Prinsip Amanah Dalam Pengisian Jabatan Publik Dan Penggunaan Kewenangan Negara: Perspektif Hukum Tata Negara Islam Dalam Tafsir Al-Manār
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21154/eldusturie.v5i2.14655Abstract
Abstract: The concept of amānah has traditionally been examined primarily as a form of personal ethics for leaders rather than as a legal norm that can be operationalized within the state administrative system. This study aims to formulate amānah as a legal principle of good governance based on al-Manār’s interpretation of QS al-Nisā’ [4]:58–59. This normative legal research employs a conceptual approach and a contextual exegetical approach by analyzing the text of Tafsīr al-Manār descriptively and interpretively, and subsequently reconstructing its principles prescriptively into categories of administrative law encompassing official competence, legally bound authority, and oversight. The primary legal material, Tafsīr al-Manār, is examined in dialogue with constitutional and administrative law literature and contemporary principles of good governance. The findings demonstrate that al-Manār constructs six elements of amānah: public mandate, competence, justice in the exercise of authority, participation, conditional obedience, and oversight, which correspond to the merit system and the principle of due care in administrative law. This finding offers a practical contribution in the form of an ethical-normative framework that can enrich the formulation of public office codes of ethics and performance evaluation indicators for public officials based on the value of amānah. Keywords: Amānah; Good Governance; Administrative Law; Tafsīr Al-Manār; Accountability.Abstrak: Konsep amanah selama ini lebih banyak dikaji sebagai etika personal pemimpin, bukan sebagai norma hukum yang dapat dioperasionalkan dalam sistem administrasi negara. Penelitian ini bertujuan merumuskan amanah sebagai prinsip hukum tata kelola pemerintahan yang baik (good governance) berdasarkan penafsiran al-Manār atas QS al-Nisā' [4]:58–59. Penelitian hukum normatif ini menggunakan pendekatan konseptual dan pendekatan tafsir kontekstual, dengan menganalisis teks Tafsir al-Manār secara deskriptif-interpretatif, kemudian merekonstruksinya secara preskriptif ke dalam kategori hukum administrasi negara yang meliputi kompetensi jabatan, kewenangan terikat, dan pengawasan. Bahan hukum primer berupa Tafsir al-Manār dikonfrontasikan dengan literatur hukum tata negara dan prinsip-prinsip good governance kontemporer. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa al-Manār mengonstruksi enam elemen Amanah yakni mandat publik, kompetensi, keadilan kewenangan, partisipasi, ketaatan bersyarat, dan pengawasan yang paralel dengan asas merit system dan asas kecermatan dalam hukum administrasi negara. Temuan ini memberikan kontribusi praktis berupa kerangka etik-normatif yang dapat memperkaya penyusunan kode etik jabatan publik dan indikator evaluasi kinerja pejabat berbasis nilai amanah.
Kata Kunci: Amanah; Good Governance; Hukum Administrasi Negara; Tafsir Al-Manār; Akuntabilitas
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Copyright (c) 2026 Saifullah, Lilia Prasastiningtiyas

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