THE DYNAMICS OF MUSLIM INTERPRETATION OF JIHAD VERSES: Between Morality And Military
Abstract views: 329
,
PDF downloads: 305
Abstract
The article questions the general assumptions in interpreting the Jihad verses as justifications for intolerant actions among religious organizations and transnational movements in Indonesia. It is due to a misunderstanding of the verses of the Qur'an and the hadith of the Prophet about Jihad without regard to its meaning and historical context. In the use of the Qur'an, especially in the revelation of the first Meccan revelations, the main emphasis is on the meaning of peaceful Jihad as an individual effort for self-improvement. It shows that the verses of Jihad have not connoted military action so far. However, in the second year after the Hijrah, permission for military movement or war was granted when the Muslim community in Medina. The interpretation of the verses of Jihad in the next period changed. The interpretation of Jihad for specific groups as justification for acts of violence contradicts the basic meaning of the verses of Jihad. This shows that the verse of Jihad faces the dynamics of interpretation for a group of Muslims both in terms of justification and contextualization. This article questions the idea that the interpretation of Jihad is inherently a military confrontation rather than a moral struggle. This study also confirms that religious authority influences the dynamics in interpreting religious texts as the interpretation of jihad verses.
Downloads
References
Atran, Scott. ‘Genesis of Suicide Terrorism’, APSA: Science, New Series, Vol. 299, No. 5612 (Mar. 7, 2003), pp. 1534-1539
Awan, Akil N. Antecedents of Islamic Political Radicalism among Muslim Communities in Europe, APSA: Political Science and Politics, Vol. 41, No. 1 (Jan., 2008), pp. 13-17
Firestone, Reuven. Jihād:The Origin of Holy War in Islam, New York Oxford Oxford University Press 1999.
Haleem, M. A. S. Abdel. Qur'anic 'jihād': A Linguistic and Contextual Analysis / ﺍﻟﺠﻬﺎﺩ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ: ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﻕ, Edinburgh University Press: Journal of Qur'anic Studies, Vol. 12 (2010), pp. 147-166
Heck, Paul L. "Jihad" Revisited, Blackwell Publishing Ltd: The Journal of Religious Ethics, Vol. 32, No. 1 (Spring, 2004), pp. 95-128
Hegghammer, Thomas. The Rise of Muslim Foreign Fighters: Islam and the Globalization of Jihad, The MIT Press: International Security, Vol. 35, No. 3 (WINTER 2010/11), pp. 53-94
Huq, Maimuna. Talking Jihad and Piety: Reformist Exertions among Islamist Women in Bangladesh, RAI:The Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute, Vol. 15, Islam, Politics,Anthropology (2009), pp. S163-S182
Kamali, Mohammad Hashim. Issues in the Understanding of Jihād and Ijtihād, IIU Islamabad-Islamic Research Institute: Islamic Studies, Vol. 41, No. 4 (Winter 2002), pp. 617-634Mohammad, Noor. The Doctrine of Jihad: An Introduction, Journal of Law and Religion, Vol. 3, No. 2 (1985), pp. 381-397
Ramakrishna, Kumar. Terrorism In Southeast Asia: The Ideological and Political Dimensions, ISEAS - Yusof Ishak Institute: Southeast Asian Affairs, (2004), pp. 54-60
Rodin, Dede ‘Islam dan Radikalisme: Telaah atas Ayat-ayat Kekerasan dalam al-Qur’an’, ADDIN, Vol. 10, No. 1, Februari 2016.
Yaqoob, Salma. Muslim Women and War on Terror, Palgrave Macmillan Journals, Feminist Review, No. 88, War (2008), pp. 150-161
Zaidi, Manzar. A Taxonomy of Jihad, Pluto Journals: Arab Studies Quarterly, Vol. 31, No. 3 (Summer 2009), pp. 21-34
Copyright (c) 2022 Dri Santoso
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Please find the rights and licenses in Al-Tahrir. By submitting the article/manuscript of the article, the author(s) agree with this policy. No specific document sign-off is required.
1. License
The non-commercial use of the article will be governed by the Creative Commons Attribution license as currently displayed on Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
2. Author(s)' Warranties
The author warrants that the article is original, written by stated author(s), has not been published before, contains no unlawful statements, does not infringe the rights of others, is subject to copyright that is vested exclusively in the author and free of any third party rights, and that any necessary written permissions to quote from other sources have been obtained by the author(s).
3. User/Public Rights
Al-Tahrir's spirit is to disseminate articles published are as free as possible. Under the Creative Commons license, Al-Tahrir permits users to copy, distribute, display, and perform the work for non-commercial purposes only. Users will also need to attribute authors and Al-Tahrir on distributing works in the journal and other media of publications. Unless otherwise stated, the authors are public entities as soon as their articles got published.
4. Rights of Authors
Authors retain all their rights to the published works, such as (but not limited to) the following rights;
- Copyright and other proprietary rights relating to the article, such as patent rights,
- The right to use the substance of the article in own future works, including lectures and books,
- The right to reproduce the article for own purposes,
- The right to self-archive the article,
- The right to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the article's published version (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal (Al-Tahrir).
5. Co-Authorship
If the article was jointly prepared by more than one author, any authors submitting the manuscript warrants that he/she has been authorized by all co-authors to be agreed on this copyright and license notice (agreement) on their behalf, and agrees to inform his/her co-authors of the terms of this policy. Al-Tahrir will not be held liable for anything that may arise due to the author(s) internal dispute. Al-Tahrir will only communicate with the corresponding author.
6. Royalties
Being an open accessed journal and disseminating articles for free under the Creative Commons license term mentioned, author(s) aware that Al-Tahrir entitles the author(s) to no royalties or other fees.
7. Miscellaneous
Al-Tahrir will publish the article (or have it published) in the journal if the article’s editorial process is successfully completed. Al-Tahrir's editors may modify the article to a style of punctuation, spelling, capitalization, referencing and usage that deems appropriate. The author acknowledges that the article may be published so that it will be publicly accessible and such access will be free of charge for the readers as mentioned in point 3.
