Ketimpangan Pemenuhan Hak Istri pada Pernikahan Misyar dalam Pemikiran Wahbah Al-Zuhaily
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Abstract
Misyar’s marriage caused many problems from various sides. The goals of marriage: happiness dan calmness for both, husband and wife is far realized because the husband does not fulfill the responsibilities that are truly his obligation. In addition, rights and obligations do not run in a balanced manner, even though one of the principles adhered to by the Marriage Law is: The rights and position of the wife are balanced with the rights and obligations of the husband both in domestic life and in social relations. This paper discusses a problem that arises because of the permissible misyar marriage, one of which is by Wahbah al-Zuhaily. In addition, the author examined al-Zuhaily’s opinion, analyzing and criticizing the reasons used. The type of research that the author uses is a type of literature research that is research conducted by taking literature that is in accordance with the theme, by documentation methods. This paper examines al-Zuhaily’s opinion. It analyzes and criticizes the reasons used. The results of the study, that al-Zuhaily allows misyar’s marriage, because this marriage can be achieved the goal of marriage. While the author tend to reject this opinion because there are more madharat than the benefits or marital goals achieved such as that the wife were victimized, because of the her rights and children’s right was neglated by husband.
AbstrakPernikahan misyār menimbulkan banyak permasalahan dari berbagai sisinya. Maqāṣid perkawinan berupa ketenangan kebahagian baik untuk suami ataupun istri jauh terealisasi karena suami tidak memenuhi tanggung jawab yang sejatinya menjadi kewajibannya. Di samping itu hak dan kewajiban tidak berjalan dengan seimbang, padahal salah satu prinsip yang dianut oleh UU Perkawinan adalah: hak dan kedudukan istri adalah seimbang dengan hak dan kewajiban suami baik dalam kehidupan rumah tangga maupun dalam pergaulan masyarakat. Tulisan ini membahas sebuah permasalahan yang muncul dikarenakan perkawinan misyar yang dibolehkan, salah satunya oleh Wahbah az-Zuhaily. Disamping itu, penulis meneliti pendapat al-Zuhaily, menganalisis dan mengkritisi alasan yang digunakan. Jenis penelitian yang penulis gunakan adalah jenis penelitian kepustakaan (library research) yaitu penelitian yang dilakukan dengan mengambil literature yang sesuai dengan maksud penulis dengan metode dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian, bahwa al-Zuhaily membolehkan jenis perkawinan misyār , karena dengan perkawinan misyār dapat tercapai maslahat perkawinan yaitu terjaganya kehormatan baik dari sisi suami ataupun istri. Sementara penulis menolak pendapat ini dikarenakan madharat yang muncul jauh lebih banyak : perempuan menjadi korban, terlantarnya hak istri dan anak-anak karena suami tidak terikat kewajiban apapun terhadapnya, penyepelean terhadap akad nikah sehingga sisi madharat lebih banyak bila dibanding dengan sisi kemaslahatan.
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