Pengaruh Sistem Waralaba Terhadap Retail Kecil Di Ponorogo Tinjauan Maṣlaḥah
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Abstract
Abstract: One of the indications of the acceleration of economic progress in Ponorogo is the rapid development of the real sectors, especially the proliferation of modern businesses using the franchise system. Therefore, small retail businesses today are facing new competitors with huge capital and reliability of modern management. This study tries to find out the impact of the franchise system invasion to the existence of small retails, and how it affects the maṣlaḥah (safety) of small retails in Ponorogo. This study uses the theory of maqāṣid al-sharīah in the aspects of ḥifẓ al-māl to analyze the sustainability of small retail businesses amid the proliferation of franchise businesses. Maṣlāḥah is thinking about the advantages and disadvantages on the basis of religious teachings by thinking about priorities and side with the community (al-maṣlaḥah al-'āmah). The results of this study found out the threat of franchise trading system to the existence of small retails. Therefore, the maṣlaḥah for small retail of businesses means the realization of the safety from the expansion of large investors, such as monopoly.
Abstrak: Salah satu indikator meningkatnya laju perekonomian Kabupaten Ponorogo ditandai dengan pesatnya perkembangan sektor riil terutama dengan menjamurnya berbagai jenis toko-roko modern (khususnya dengan sistem waralaba) yang terus bertambah jumlahnya. Lalu bagaimana dengan para pebisnis retail kecil yang kebanyakan mereka memiliki usaha dengan modal yang tidak terlalu besar. Penelitian ini berupaya mengetahui adakah pengaruh yang terjadi akibat adanya toko-toko dengan sistem waralaba terhadap eksistensi retail kecil, serta adakah pengaruhnya terhadap kemaslahatan retail kecil yang ada di Ponorogo. Penelitian ini menggunakan teori keberlangsungan usaha yang dikaitkan dengan maqāsid al-shar’īah aspek kemaslahatan hifz al-māl untuk menguji pengaruh kemaslahatan retail kecil dengan adanya bisnis waralaba. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan hubungan signifikan, artinya terdapat pengaruh negatif sistem waralaba terhadap eksistensi retail kecil dan juga mengganggu kemaslahatannya. Maslāhah menurut Abd al Wahhāb Khallāf adalah sesuatu yang dapat menarik suatu manfaat dalam suatu masyarakat, menolak bahaya, atau menghilangkan kesulitan bagi peradaban umat manusia. Kemaslahatan dari aspek hifz al-māl adalah terciptanya kesejahteraan dalam masyarakat dengan terjaga dari monopoli usaha, serta kesenjangan ekonomi dan taraf hidup. Dalam konteks retail kecil di Ponorogo, agar keberlangsungannya dan kemaslahatannya terjaga, harus mampu berkreasi dan berinovasi mengembangkan usahanya dalam menghadapi persaingan global.
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