FUNDAMENTALISME: Korelasi Idologi Fundamentalis dengan Idiologi Gerakan Islam Modern
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21154/altahrir.v18i1.1170Keywords:
idiologi, fundamentalisme, protestan, gerakan Islam ModernAbstract
Abstract: Islamic fundamentalism has recently reappeared to the forefront and became a discourse of intellectual thought throughout the world as a reflection on anarchism that seemed to be caused by certain Islamic groups. This event triggers a negative impression on Islam as a whole and can also inhibit “ghirah” of thought aimed at understanding and promoting Islam. Assuming that Islamic fundamentalism is the core of revivalist Islamic movements, this paper tries to discuss how islami fundamentalist’s ideology correlates with various ideologies of modern Islamic movements such as: puritanism and revivalism. This research uses an inductive and descriptive aapproach. The result of this research can be summarized that fundamentalism comes from Protestant which is related to the Modern Islamic movement phenomena. In general, revivalism movement has been identified as a reaction towards internal condition within moslem society which tolerates local tradition which is asumed as virus of the reasoning of Islam degradation. They want to return into the Islamic principle of first period (salaf), then the movement see religion is only related to individual matters. Meanwhile, the similarity lies on their intolerant, extreme, fanatic and scriptualistic behaviour. The differences, on the other hand, involve modernity, activity target, and the morality perspective.
الملخص: قد ارتÙعت الأصولية الإسلامية مرة أخرى Ùˆ ÙŠÙكرها المÙكرون ÙÙŠ جميع أنØاء العالم بوجود الأØداث الÙوضوية التي يبدو Ùيها وكأن سببها ميل بعض الجماعات الإسلامية بها. Ùˆ هذه تعطي انطباعا سلبيا من الإسلام كله، Ùإنه قد تمنع غيرتهم إلى Ùهم الإسلام وتقدمه. إذا اÙترضنا أنها أصل الØركات الإسلامية الإØيائية ØŒ Ùإن هذا البØØ« يبØØ« إلى Ùهم ارتباط الأيديولوجية الأصولية مع الإيديولوجيات الØركات الإسلامية الØديثة مثل: التزمت وإØياء. واستخدمه على النهج الإستقرائ والوصÙÙŠ. ومن نتائجه أن الأصولية تأتي من البروتستانت التي تنسب بظاهرة الØركة الإسلامية الØديثة. Ùˆ ÙÙŠ الإسلام تجد الØركية الإسلامية الإØيائية على الوضع الداخلي من المسلمين الذين يتسامØون من التقاليد المØلية التي تعتبر سبب انØطاط الإسلام. Ùˆ تريد العود إلى الÙترة للمبادئ الإسلامية الأولى (السلÙ) ØŒ Øتى لا تنظر إلى دين الإسلام إلا دين بالمشاكل الÙردية. والمعادلة بين الأيديولوجية الأصولية والأيديولوجيات اللØركات الإسلامية الØديثة عدم Ø§Ù„ØªØ³Ø§Ù…Ø ÙˆØ§Ù„Ù…ØªØ·Ø±Ù ÙˆØ§Ù„Ù…ØªØ¹ØµØ¨ والØرÙÙŠ. والÙرق بينهما رد العمل على الØداثة، وهد٠الØركة ØŒ والنظر على الأخلاق.
Abstrak: Fundamentalisme Islam belakangan ini kembali mencuat dan menjadi wacana pemikiran kalangan intelektual di seluruh dunia sebagai refleksi atas maraknya peristiwa anarkisme yang seakan-akan ditimbulkan oleh kecenderungan kelompok Islam tertentu. Pencitraan demikian di samping dapat memberi kesan negatif pada Islam secara keseluruhan, juga dapat menghambat ghirah pemikiran yang bertujuan memahami dan memajukan Islam. Dengan mengasumsikan bahwa fundamentalisme Islam merupakan induk dari gerakan Islam revivalisme. Artikel ini membahas tentang bagaimana korelasi idologi fundamentalis dengan berbagai orientasi ideologi gerakan Islam moderen seperti: puritanisme dan revivalisme. Analisa dilakukan dengan menggunakan pendekatan induktif deskriptif. Dari hasil pembahasan tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa Fundamentalisme berasal dari Protestan yang kemudian dikaitkan dengan fenomena gerakan Islam modern. Secara umum dalam Islam diidentifikasi adanya gerakan revivalisme yang kemunculannya sebagai reaksi terhadap kondisi internal umat Islam yang sangat toleran terhadap tradisi lokal yang dianggap sebagai virus penyebab degradasi Islam. Mereka ingin pemurnian kembali ke prinsip Islam periode pertama (salaf), sehingga gerakan ini memandang agama hanya sebagai masalah individu. Sementara kesamaan idiologinya adalah dalam perilakunya yang tidak toleran, ekstrem, fanatik, dan literal. Perbedaannya adalah reaksi terhadap modernitas, target aktivitas dan perspektif moralitas.
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