Kontestasi Ormas Islamis di Indonesia
Abstract
Abstract: This article discussed about contestation of Islamist mass groups in Indonesia. In general, Islamists or Islamism refers to an islamic organizations which based their political ideology on Islam. This study finds out what strategies used by the islamist group to attain their political agenda and its implications when they are confronting with other mainstream and islamic group. This research uses qualitative method with a descriptive analysis approach. This research used theoritical framework of Islamic Revivalism, Political Islam, Islamism and Social Movement theory. The result of the discussion shows that islamis contestation of mainstream islamic mass group in Indonesia to dominate arena through political movements: first, by taking benefits from political opportunity, including transformastion underground movement become legal movement; second, through structural mobilization, which consists of internal mobilization and external mobilization; third, using framing proces, by counter all isues and systems form the west, such as democracy, nationalism and human rights; fourth infiltration by controlling mosque, campus, student, takmir community, bureaucracy and government.
الملخص: تناقش هذه المقالة حول صراع المنظمات الإسلامية في إندونيسيا. على سبيل العام كان الإسلاميون حركات إسلامية تجعل الإسلام أساس إيديولوجيتها السياسية. وهذه المقالة ستبحث الاستيراتيجية التي تقوم بها حركة المنظمة الإسلامية لتحقيق أهدافها الاجتماعية والسياسية وكيف آثارها عندما تواجه مجموعة إسلامية أخرى من تيار المنظمة الإسلامية المعتدلة. وهذا البحث من البحث الكيفي الذي يستخدم منهج التحليل الوصفي. والنظريات المستخدمة في هذا البحث هي الصحوة الإسلامية، والسياسية الإسلامية، والنظرية الإسلامية، والحركة الاجتماعية. ونتيجة هذا البحث تدل على أن صراع الحركة الإسلامية السائدة في المجتمع الإندونيسيا من خلال استراتيجية الحركة السياسية: أولاً، استفادة الفرصة السياسية أي استفادة الفرصة الإصلاحية لإنهاء الحركة السرية حتى تصبح الحركة القانونية الرسمية وقامت الحركة حرية. ثانيا، من خلال التعبئة الهيكلية التي تتكون من التعبئة الداخلية والتعبئة الخارجية. ثالثًا، تنظيم عملية الحركة أي عن طريق القيام بمعارضة جميع الأفكار والأنظمة من الغرب مثل الديمقراطية والقومية وحقوق الإنسان. رابعا، أن تدخل هذه الحركة من خلال المساجد والجامعات وطلاب الجامعة ومنظمة المساجد والبيروقراطية والحكومة وما إلى ذلك كالآثار من الصراع الإسلامي.
Abstrak: Tulisan ini membahas tentang kontestasi ormas Islam di Indonesia. Secara umum, Islamis atau Islamisme adalah gerakan Islam yang menjadikan Islam sebagai dasar ideologi politiknya. Penilitian ini akan menjawab bagaimana strategi yang digunakan gerakan ormas Islam untuk mencapai agenda sosial-politiknya dan bagaimana implikasinya ketika berbenturan kepentingan dengan kelompok ormas-ormas Islam lainnya yang notabene merupakan ormas Islam mainstream atau moderat. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif analisis.Teori yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah konsep Revivalisme Islam, Islam Politik, Islamisme dan teori Gerakan sosial. Hasil pembahasan menunjukkan bahwa kontestasi islamisme ormas Islam mainstream di Indonesia dalam menguasai arena strategis yang terdapat di masyarakat melalui strategi gerakan politik: pertama, memanfaatkan peluang politik, yaitu peluang reformasi untuk mengakhiri gerakan bawah tanah menjadi gerakan legal sehingga dapat bergerak dengan leluasa. Kedua, memobilisasi struktur, yang terdiri dari mobilisasi internal dengan melakukan pengkaderan secara intensif dan mobilisasi eksternal. Ketiga, penyusunan proses gerakan, yakni dengan cara melakukan pergolakan pemikiran dengan menentang segala pemikiran dan sistem dari Barat, seperti demokrasi, nasionalisme dan HAM. Keempat, melakukan perembesan dengan menguasai mesjid, kampus, mahasiswa, komunitas takmir, birokrasi dan pemerintahan dan sebagainya sebagai implikasi dari kontestasi islamisme.
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