Mobilisasi Politik Identitas dan Kontestasi Gerakan Fundamentalisme
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21154/altahrir.v18i1.1198Keywords:
Politik, Gerakan Transnasional, Nasionalisme, KekerasanAbstract
Abstract: Contestation of ideas between nationalism and religion always leads to two main issues, namely the relation of muslim versus non-Muslims and law of God versus law of man. The Foundation should be built is the realization that Islam as a religion of humanity. Religious ideology has often been a motivation to justify the struggle through the violence that has been done. The political attitude of religion without connecting with the socio-cultural context of societal certainly influential on the model of religion intolerant and does not respect human rights. The growing diversity of expression along with the political establishment charges the Islamic State as the influence of transnational movements that have no awareness of local wisdom and the rejection of the concept of the nation State. This research uses psychology politics theory and the theory of social identity’s approach that analyzing potential radicalism in society.
الملخص : إن Ø§Ù„ØØ±ÙƒØ© الإرهابية ضÙمّت إلى نوع الجريمة غير العادية، لأنها سبّبت ضياع Ø§Ù„Ø£Ù†ÙØ³ والأموال واضطراب اقتصادية البلد وأمنه. سمّت أوروبا الغربية وأمريكا Ø§Ù„ØØ±ÙƒØ§Øª الإسلامية Ø§Ù„Ù…ØªØ·Ø±Ù‘ÙØ© بمسمّيات : الجماعات المتشدّدة، ويسار الإسلام، والأصوليّين ÙˆØØªÙ‰ الإرهابيّين، وهذا يثير إجراء الدراسة Ùيها. وقد أثبتت الØÙƒÙˆÙ…Ø© القوانين لدرء هذه Ø§Ù„ØØ±ÙƒØ§Øª الإرهابية، ومنها القانون رقم 15 السنة 2003 عن استئصال جريمة الإرهابية، والقانون رقم 9 السنة 2013 عن درء واستئصال جريمة التمويل Ù„ØØ±ÙƒØ© الإرهابية، ونظام رئيس الجمهورية رقم 46 السنة 2010 عن تكوين المجلس الوطني لاستئصال Ø§Ù„ØØ±ÙƒØ© الإرهابية ثم غÙيّر هذا النظام بنظام جديد من رئيس الجمهورية وهو رقم 12 السنة 2012. ومع هذا ونظرا إلى وقوع Ø§Ù„ØØ±ÙƒØ§Øª الإرهابية بما لديها من برامج وأنشطة مطبقة الآن ÙØ¥Ù†Ù‡ ÙŠØØªØ§Ø¬ إلى تجديد القانون الجنائي لدرء Ø§Ù„ØØ±ÙƒØ© الإرهابية ÙÙŠ إندونيسيا، ÙˆÙيه Ø§Ù„Ø¨ØØ« عن جذور المسائل لنشوء هذه Ø§Ù„ØØ±ÙƒØ© مستخدما النظريات والمÙهومات والأسس ÙˆØªÙØ³ÙŠØ± القانون ÙÙŠ ضوء إيجاد الØÙ…اية القانونية العادلة للمواطنين
Abstrak: Pertarungan gagasan antara nasionalisme dan agama selalu mengarah pada dua problem utama, yaitu relasi muslim versus non-muslim dan hukum Tuhan versus hukum manusia. Pondasi yang harus dibangun adalah kesadaran bahwa Islam sebagai agama kemanusiaan. Ideologi keagamaan sering menjadi motivasi untuk membenarkan perjuangan melalui aksi kekerasan yang dilakukan. Sikap politik beragama tanpa merelasikan dengan konteks sosial budaya kemasyarakatan tentu berpengaruh pada model beragama tidak toleran dan tidak menghormati hak asasi manusia. Ekspresi keberagamaan tersebut berkembang seiring dengan adanya muatan-muatan politik pendirian negara Islam sebagai pengaruh gerakan transnasional yang tidak memiliki kesadaran terhadap kearifan lokal dan penolakan konsep negara bangsa. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan teori psikologi politik dan teori identitas sosial dalam menganalisis potensi radikalisme di masyarakat.
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