AWARENESS ON ISLAMIC FEMINISM: Learning From Gus Dur and Husein Muhammad
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21154/altahrir.v19i2.1743Keywords:
feminism, justice, humanity, IslamAbstract
Abstract: Women has been an interesting research discourse due to various remaining practical problems. This is mainly triggered by embedded patriarchal culture within society. Ironically, men in general take advantage of this situation and make a justification on the basis of religious propositions. Therefore, this study becomes necessary by presenting the two influential male scholars promoting gender equality effort. The author tries to cooperate the two figures in a feminist frame. This study uses a critical analysis approach. The results of this study indicate that Gus Dur tends to adopt social feminism, while Husein Muhammad tends to be liberal feminism. Both feminism views of Gus Dur and Husein Muhammad intersect on humanity based on Islamic values. Nevertheless, Husein explicitly wrote about Gender. On the other hand, Gus Dur's view was implied from his writings. The feminist view of the two figures emerges as a social unrest response towards inequality. Therefore the main principle they proposed was justice. To the author, Husein's view did not taken into account feminist view of western scholars; Husein inclined to the opinion of As-Sat} bi and Ghazali. Meanwhile, independence of Gus Dur's feminist view has not been clearly seen.
الملخص: إن المرأة موضوع بØØ« جذّاب لما Ùيها من مسائل وقضايا خاصة ÙÙŠ مجال التطبيق الواقعي. ومن الأسباب هو دوام الثقاÙØ© الأبوية. ومع الأس٠Ùإن كثيرا من الرجال يستÙيدون هذه الØالة بل ويقوون وجودها على دليل ديني. إن هذا البØØ« مهم بإØضار شخصيتين معروÙتين (من الرجال) ولهما آثار واسهامات ÙÙŠ الجنس. Øاول الكاتب مقارنة هاتين الشخصييتين ÙÙŠ إطار الÙكر النسوي . استخدم هذا البØØ« مدخل دراسة التØليل النقدي. دلّت نتائج البØØ« على أن نوع الÙكر النسوي لعبد الرØمن واØد هو اشتراكي وأما Ù„Øسين Ù…Øمد Ùلبراليّ. هناك نقطة تواÙÙ‚ بين النضال النسوي لعبد الرØمن واØد ÙˆØسين Ù…Øمد هو Ø§Ù„Ø±ÙˆØ Ø§Ù„Ø¥Ù†Ø³Ø§Ù†ÙŠØ© على أساس القيم الإسلامية. وأما وجه الÙرق بينهما Ùإن Øسينأ كتب صريØا عن الجنس. وأما عبد الرØمن واØد Ùتظهر Ø£Ùكاره عن الجنس ÙÙŠ كتاباته (عن طريق المÙهوم). إن Ùكرة كل منهما نشأت عن الوعي الإجتماعي تجاه الظلم ØŒ لذا Ùإن الشيئ الأساسي الذي قدماه هو العدالة. Ø·Ø±Ø Ø§Ù„ÙƒØ§ØªØ¨ النقد Ù„Ùكرة Øسين Ùإنه لم يعتبر بأÙكار علماء الجنس الغربيين وهو يميل إلى رأي الشاطبي والغزالي. وأما عبد الرØمن واØد Ùإن Ùكرته عن الجنس لم تظهر قائمة مستقلة
Abstrak: Wanita merupakan objek penelitian yang menarik, karena masih menyisakan berbagai persoalan terutama dalam praktiknya. Budaya patriarki yang mendarah daging menjadi salah satu pemicunya. Ironisnya kaum laki-laki banyak yang memanfaatkan kondisi ini serta memperkuat dengan dalil agama. Maka penelitian ini diperlukan dengan menghadirkan dua tokoh dari kalangan laki-laki yang cukup berpengaruh dalam perjuangan Gender. Penulis berusaha untuk mengkoparasikan kedua tokoh tersebut dalam bingkai pemikiran feminis. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan studi analisis-kritis. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkaan bahwa corak pemikiran feminisme Gus Dur bersifat sosialais sedangkan Husein Muhammad bersifat liberal. Terdapat titik temu perjuangan feminisme Gus Dur dan Husein Muhammad, yaitu spirit kemanusiaan berdasarkan nilai-nilai Islam. Perbedaannya Husein secara tegas menulis tentang Gender. Sedangkan Gus Dur include (tersirat) kedalam tulisan lainnya. Latar pemikiran feminisme kedua tokoh tersebut lahir dari kegelisahan sosial terhadap ketidakadilan, oleh karenanya prinsip utama yang mereka ajukan adalah keadilan. Kritik penulis terhadap Husein, pemikirannya belum mempertimbangkan ahli feminis dari barat, ia condong ke pendapat As-Sat}bi dan Ghazali. Sedangkan Gus Dur independence pemikiran feminis belum terlihat jelas.
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