SUFISM MEMES: Gus Mus’s Representation in Countering the Narrative of Religious Fundamentalism on Social Media
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Abstract
Abstract: In Indonesia, Muslim clerics preach the sermon orally. It is considered an effective method to disseminate Islamic teaching. Today, Muslims adopt the development of information technology to propagate the teaching of Islam. One of them is using memes. Commonly, memes are made by quoting wise words from influential figures. This study focused on Gus Mus’s wise words. Gus Mus (Musthafa Bishri) is a famous figure in Indonesia. His socio-religious idea is related to the moderate and traditional Muslim. This research aims to find out why some people use the quote of Gus Mus as an object for a meme. Second, it investigates how the memes represent the idea of Gus Mus. It employed qualitative research. The data was gathered through netnography, which focused on specific social media platforms. The data then were analyzed using a sociological approach. It was found that the massive appearance of disturbing memes causes the emergence of Gus Mus’s quote meme, particularly comes from fundamentalist communities. These memes represented the spiritual and humanistic ideas of Gus Mus. It is then called Sufism Memes.
الملخص: قام العلماء بنقل أفكارهم لعامة الناس في سياق الإسلام الإندونيسي عادةً من خلال المحاضرات الشفهية. هذه الطريقة تعتبر وسيلة مؤثرة لنشر التعاليم الإسلامية. ولما تطور تكنولوجيا المعلومات أثر المسلمون فى نشر تعاليم الإسلام، أحدها عن طريق استخدام ميمي. الميميات تتركب من اقتباس كلمات حكيمة من شخصيات مؤثرة. فى هذا البحث، صارت كلمات الحكيمة لدي Gus Mus التي اقتبسها بعض الناس دراسة أساسية. Gus Mus (مصطفى بشري) هو عالم مشهور في إندونيسيا. فكرته الاجتماعية والدينية أكثر رسوخًا بين المسلمين المتوسطين والتقليديين. فالأسئلة الرئيسية لهذا البحث هي لماذا اقتبس بعض الناس كلمات Gus Mus لميمي، وكيف تمثل الميمي فكرة Gus Mus؟ تم جمع البيانات من خلال شبكة الإنترنت مع التركيز على وسائل التواصل الإجتماعي محددة وتحليلها بنهج اجتماعي. ومن ثم، أدعي أن ظهور ميمي Gus Mus كسرد مضاد بالظهور الميمات الهائلة والمزعجة، ولا سيما من المجتمعات المتطرفة. تمثل هذه الميميات من أصل الأفكار الروحية والإنسانية لدي Gus Mus. فأسميها ميمي صوفي.
Abstrak: Dalam konteks Islam Indonesia, pandangan tokoh agama biasanya disampaikan kepada khalayak melalui ceramah secara verbal. Metode tersebut dinilai efektif untuk mengajarkan Islam. Pada perkembangan terkini, kemajuan teknologi informasi mempengaruhi sebagian besar muslim dalam penggunaan media baru untuk mengajarkan Islam. Salah satunya melalui meme. Biasanya meme dibuat dengan mengutip kata-kata bijak dari tokoh yang berpengaruh. Pada penelitian ini, kata-kata bijak Gus Mus (Musthafa Bishri) menjadi fokus kajiannya. Gus Mus adalah tokoh populer di Indonesia. Gagasan sosial keagamaannya lebih dekat dengan corak Islam moderat dan Islam tradisional. Pertanyaan utama artikel ini adalah mengapa sebagian orang mengutip kata bijak Gus Mus untuk dijadikan meme dan bagaimana kutipan tersebut merepresentasikan gagasan Gus Mus. Data penelitian dikumpulkan menggunakan metode netnografi dengan terfokus pada beberapa platform sosial media tertentu, dan dianalisis menggunkan pendekatan sosiologi. Penulis berpendapat bahwa kemunculan meme tersebut merupakan kepanikan moral atas maraknya meme yang meresahkan, khususnya dari kelompok fundamentalis. Meme tersebut merepresentasikan gagasan humanis dan spiritual Gus Mus. Penulis menandainya dengan istilah Meme Sufistik.
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