Studi Analisis Laporan Keuangan dan Return Saham Pada Perusahaan di Jakarta Islamic Index Sebagai Pijakan Berinvestasi
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21154/muslimheritage.v3i1.1308Keywords:
investment, financial statement analysis, share return.Abstract
Abstract: Due to the advancement of economic era, inflation is an entity that cannot be avoided. However, in order to elude the reducing of the currency purchasing power as an effect of e inflation is by investing. An alternative way for investment is by purchasing shares of companies listed on the Indonesian Share Exchange. In fact, it require smart selection of Shares Company which provide growth returns above inflation. This study aims to scrutinize the company's shares as a basis for investment through the analysis of financial statements and share returns. This research employed qualitative descriptive method by using purposive sampling technique and it took seven companies as the research object. Then it analyzed the corporate financial statements for the period of 2011-2016 by using the liquidity ratio, solvency ratio and profitability ratio approach while in analyzing share returns, the researcher employed realized return approached. The finding showed that not all companies have a good performance or provide a positive return. The companies which is considered appropriate for investment meets the following requirements, namely, firstly, it has an average liquidity ratio above one and it increases in the subsequent year. Secondly, it has a solvency ratio of less than one and it consistently decreases. Thirdly, it has an increased level of profitability in each year. Fourthly, it has a linear price progress with the company's performance. Fifthly, it distributes dividends annually. The Sixth is the investment return is above inflation value. The seventh requirement is the investment return above the deposit interest rate.
Abstrak: Pada era perekonomian saat ini, inflasi merupakan salah satu hal yang tidak bisa dihilangkan. Walaupun demikian, untuk menghindarkan berkurangnya daya beli mata uang karena inflasi adalah dengan melakukan investasi. Salah satu alternatif untuk berinvestasi ialah berinvestasi pada saham perusahaan yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia. Tetapi dengan banyaknya jumlah perusahaan di Bursa Efek Indonesia maka dibutuhkan alternatif pemilihan saham perusahaan yang mampu memberikan pertumbuhan return di atas inflasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menelaah saham perusahaan sebagai dasar berinvestasi melalui analisis laporan keuangan dan return saham. Berdasarkan penelitian ini yang menggunakan metode kualitatif dan bersifat deskriptif dengan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling, menghasilkan tujuh perusahaan yang menjadi objek penelitian. Berdasarkan tujuh perusahaan kemudian di analisis laporan keuangan perusahaan periode 2011-2016 dengan menggunakan pendekatan rasio likuiditas, rasio solvabilitas dan rasio profitabilitas sedangkan return saham menggunakan penedekatan realized return. Berdasarkan metode ini menunjukkan bahwa tidak semua perusahaan mempunyai kinerja yang baik dan tidak semua perusahaan memberikan return yang positif. Berdasarkan sampel perusahaan dengan menggunakan dua alat analisis laporan keuangan dan return saham menunjukkan bahwa perusahaan yang layak dijadikan investasi adalah perusahaan yang memenuhi karakteristik berikut, pertama, mempunyai rasio likuiditas rata-rata di atas satu dan mengalami peningkatan dari tahun ke tahun. Kedua, mempunyai rasio solvabilitas lebih kecil dari satu dan konsisten mengalami penuruanan. Ketiga, mempunyai tingkat profitabilitas yang meningkat dari tahun ke tahun. Keempat, mempunyai pergerakan harga yang linier dengan kinerja perusahaan. Kelima, perusahaan membagikan dividen setiap tahunnya. Keenam, return investasi di atas nilai inflasi. Ketujuh, return investasi di atas bunga deposito.
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