RESOLUSI KONFLIK KASUS SYAIKH AL-MUTAMAKIN DALAM TEKS KAJEN DAN CEBOLEK
Abstract
Abstract: This study traces the conflict between Sheikh Ahmad al-Mutamakkin and Ki Ketib Anom Kudus that was rooted on the ideology of Sufism. Sheikh Ahmad al-Mutamakkin’s doctrine on mysticism was considered to be contrary to the shari'ah (Islamic laws) brought by Prophet Muhammad. Ki Ketib Anom and Ulama of Northern coasts of East Java said that his teachings could harm the Muslims and they asked the authorities to get Sheikh Ahmad al-Mutamakkin to trial. Sheikh Ahmad al-Mutamakkin remained on his truth school which he believed. Ki Ketib Anom and other Islamic Scholars tried to visit him and advise him, but they were ignored. Even his continuous action on breeding twelve dogs from Kudus and naming his biggest dog “Abdulqahar” and also his owning four puppies with their leader’s name “Kamaruddin” made Ki Ketib think that Sheikh Ahmad had deemed offensive to Muslims. The Islamic Scholars Islamic Scholars agreed that this issue should be lodged to the authorities of Surakarta Sultanate. To solve this conflict, on behalf of the authorities of Surakarta Sultanate, sent Patih Danurejo and Demang Urawan as mediators of the conflict settlement. This valuable experience that can be taken in this case is that it can be as a model of problem solution of solving the conflict which is not necessary to be ended by giving punishment or sentences, but would be better with the acts of dialogue and attempts of resuscitation outside the court.
الملخص: ركزت هذه الدراسة في النزاع بين الشيخ أحمد المتمكّن و كي كتيب أنوم قدس بخلفية النزعة الصوفية. اعتبر الناس أن التعاليم التي جاء بها الشيخ أحمد المتمكّن تعارض الشريعة التى جاء بها محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم. رأى كي كتيب أنوم والعلماء في السواحل الشمالية جاوة الشرقية أن تعاليم الشيخ أحمد تضرّ المسلمين وطلبوا من الحكّام أن يقوموا عليه بالتحكيم، ولكنّ الشيخ أحمد المتمكّن قائم على الحق الذي يعتقده. حاول كي كتيب أنوم وغيره من العلماء في تذكيره ونصحه ولكنّ الشيخ على رأيه، بل استمرّ هو في تربية الكلاب من قدس ( 12 كلبا ) وسمّى أكبرها عبد القهّار، وله كذلك أربعة كلاب صغار ودعا رئيسها قمر الدين. أدى هذا إلى تجريح شعور المسلمين. اتفق العلماء على حمل هذه المسألة إلى السلطنة هادينينجرات سوراكرتا. أرسل السلطان نائبه دانوريجو وديمانج أوراوان وسيطا في حلّ هذا النزاع. استطاع هذان الوسيطان – بذكاءهما – حلّ هذا النزاع وإرضاء الطرفين. والدرس من هذا النزاع وما له من سبيل الحلّ هو أن طريقة حلّ مشكلة من المشاكل ليس دائما بالعقاب ولكنّ الأفضل بالحوار.
Abstrak: Penelitian ini menggali konflik antara Syaikh Ahmad al-Mutamakkin dengan Ki Ketib Anom Kudus yang dilatarbelakangi oleh paham sufisme. Ajaran tentang ilmu mistik Syaikh Ahmad al-Mutamakkin dianggap bertentangan dengan syari’at yang dibawa oleh Nabi Muhammad SAW. Menurut Ki Ketib Anom dan ulama-ulama pesisir Pantai Utara Jawa Timur ajaran itu akan membahayakan kaum Muslimin dan meminta kepada penguasa agar Syaikh Ahmad al-Mutamakkin diadili. Syaikh Ahmad al-Mutamakkin tetap pada kebenaran paham yang diyakininya. Ki Ketib Anom dan para ulama lainnya mencoba datang dan memberi nasihat kepada beliau, tetapi juga tidak diabaikan. Bahkan tindakan beliau yang terus memelihara anjing dari Kudus sebanyak dua belas, yang terbesar diberi nama Abdulqahar, dan ia mempunyai empat anak anjing, pemimpinnya dinamai Kamaruddin yang oleh Ki Ketib Anom dianggap menyinggung umat Islam. Para ulama setuju bahwa masalah ini harus diadukan kepada penguasa Kasunanan Surakarta Hadiningrat. Untuk menyelesaikan konflik ini pihak penguasa dari Kasunanan Surakarta Hadiningrat mengutus Patih Danurejo dan Demang Urawan sebagai mediator penyelesaian konflik tersebut. Berkat kepiawaian Patih Danurejo dan Demang Urawan dalam melakukan tugas negara dihasilkan solusi konflik yang memuaskan semua pihak. Pelajaran berharga yang dapat diambil dalam persoalan ini dapat menjadi model pembelajaran bahwa penyelesaian suatu konflik tidak harus berujung pada pemberian hukuman, tetapi menekankan kepada dialog dan penyadaran di luar sidang pengadilan.
Keywords: konflik, al-Mutamakkin, mediasi, sufisme, pembelajaran
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