The Construction of Indonesian Political Fiqh: Maqasid Al-Shariah Perspective and Ahmad Ar-Raisuni’s Thoughts
Abstract views: 1171
,
PDF downloads: 598
Abstract
Some issues in various classical political fiqh literature are irrelevant if applied in the current context. This paper discusses how important the reconstruction and renewal of several classical political fiqh issues are adapted to the plural Indonesian context. In this study, the author uses the Maqasid al-Shariah theory and Ahmad ar-Raisuni’s thinking, specifically addressing political issues as the mainframe of analysis. By conducting a library study, this study concludes that several classical political fiqh issues are indeed irrelevant to the times, and therefore need to be updated and reviewed. In addition, this study has also resulted in a new construction of Indonesian political fiqh formulated in four crucial issues: democracy, state format, criteria for leaders in Indonesia, and application of Islamic Law (Shariah).
Beberapa isu dalam pelbagai literatur Fiqh Siyāsah klasik sudah tidak relevan jika diterapkan dalam konteks saat ini. Tulisan ini mendiskusikan bagaimana pentingnya melakukan rekonstruksi dan pembaruan terhadap beberapa isu dalam Fiqh Siyāsah klasik disesuaikan dengan konteks Indonesia yang plural. Dalam penelitian ini, penulis menggunakan teori Maqāsid al-Shariah dan pemikiran Ahmad ar-Raisuni yang secara spesifik membahas persoalan politik (siyāsah) sebagai pisau analisis utamanya. Dengan melakukan studi kepustakaan, kajian ini menghasilkan kesimpulan bahwa beberapa isu dalam literatur Fiqh Siyāsah klasik memang sudah tidak relevan dengan perkembangan zaman, dan sebab itu perlu dilakukan pembaruan dan tinjauan ulang. Selain itu, penelitian ini juga menghasilkan konstruksi baru Fikih Politik Indonesia yang dirumuskan dalam empat isu krusial: demokrasi, bentuk Negara, kriteria pemimpin di Indonesia, dan penerapan syariat Islam.
References
Journal
Damanuri, Aji. “Shari'ahSebagai Metodologi Problem Solver: Catatan Atas Pemikiran Ziauddin Sardar.” Justicia Islamica 10, no. 1 (2013). https://doi.org/10.21154/justicia.v10i1.141.
Hakiki, Kiki Muhamad. “Islam Dan Demokrasi: Pandangan Intelektual Muslim Dan Penerapannya di Indonesia.” Wawasan: Jurnal Ilmiah Agama Dan Sosial Budaya 1, no. 1 (2016): 1–17.
Harisudin, M.N. “Risalah Fiqh Wanita: Pemikiran Fiqh Perempuan Progresif KH. Muchith Muzadi.” Justicia Islamica 10, no. 1 (2013). https://doi.org/10.21154/justicia.v10i1.146.
Hasanah, Neneng. “Syūrā Dan Fenomena Pemilihan Kepala Daerah Di Indonesia.” AHKAM: Jurnal Ilmu Syariah 16, no. 2 (2016): 241–50. https://doi.org/10.15408/ajis.v16i2.4454.
Mansur, Mansur. “Kontekstualisasi Gagasan Fiqh Indonesia T.M. Hasbi Ash-Shiddieqy (Telaah Atas Pemikiran Kritis Yudian Wahyudi).” Asy-Syir’ah: Jurnal Ilmu Syari’ah Dan Hukum 46, no. 1 (2012).
Mawardi, Ahmad Imam. “Fikih Mayoritas Versus Fikih Minoritas: Melacak Akar Konflik Sosial Atas Nama Syari’at.” Justicia Islamica, 2016. https://doi.org/10.21154/justicia.v9i2.348.
Muhaimin, Abdul Wahab Abd. “Dalam Menyelesaikan Pelbagai Persoalan Hukum.” Ahkam XV, no. 2 (2015): 241–48.
Munajat, Makhrus. “Transformasi Hukum Pidana Islam Dalam Tata Hukum Indonesia.” Al-Manahij: Jurnal Kajian Hukum Islam XIII, no. I (2019). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.24090/mnh.v0i1.2124.
Opwis, Felicitas. “Maslaha in Contemporary Islamic Legal Theory.” Islamic Law and Society 12, no. 2 (2005): 182–223.
Rohmanu, Abid. “Khaled Abou El-Fadl dan Orientasi Humanistik Dalam Studi Fiqh.” Justicia Islamica XIII, no. 2 (2011).
Santoso, Lukman. “Eksistensi Prinsip Syura Dalam Konstitusional Islam.” Jurnal In Right 3, no. I (2013): 113–34.
Shavit, Uriya. “Is Shura a Muslim Form of Democracy? Roots and Systemization of a Polemic.” Middle Eastern Studies 46, no. 3 (2010).
Syahril, Sulthan. “Munawir Syadzali (Sejarah Pemikiran Dan Kontribusinya Bagi Perkembangan Pemikiran Islam Indonesia Kontemporer).” Analisis : Jurnal Studi Keislaman 11, no. 2 (2017): 219–40. https://doi.org/10.42042/ANALISIS.V11I2.610.
Syarif, Mujar Ibnu. “Spirit Piagam Jakarta Dalam Undang-Undang Dasar 1945.” Jurnal Cita Hukum 4, no. 1 (2016): 15–32. https://doi.org/10.15408/jch.v4i1.3568.
Book
Al-’Anbari, Khalid ibn Ali Ibn Muhammad. Fiqh Al-Siyāsah Al-Syar`īyyah. Egypt: Dar al-Minhaj, 2004.
Al-Fasi, ’Allal. Maqāşid Al-Sharī`ah Al-Islāmiyah Wa Makārimuha. Maroko: Maktabah Wahdah, n.d.
Al-Mawardi, Abi al-Hasan Ali Ibn Muhammad. Al-Aḥ Kām Al-Sulţāniyah Wa Al-Wilāyat Ad-Dīniyah. Kwait: Maktabah Ibn Qutaibah, 1989.
Ar-Raisuni, Ahmad. Al-Fikr Al-Islāmiy Wa Qadāyānā Al-Siyāsiyyah Al-Mu`āşirah. Cairo: Dar al-Kalimah, 2013.
———. Al-Fikr Al-Maqāşidī Qawā`iduhu Wa Fawāiduhu. Rabath: Dar al-Baido’, 1999.
———. Al-Kullīyyāt Al-Asāsīyyah Li Al-Sharī`ah Al-Islāmiyyah. Cairo: Dar al-Kalimah, 2013.
———. Al-Ummah Hiya Al-Aşlu Muqārabah Ta`şīliyyah Li Qadāyā Dimaqrāţiyyah. Beirut: al-Syabkah al-’Arabiyah li al-Abhas wa al-Nasyr, 2012.
———. Fiqh Al-Şaurah Murāja`āt Fi Al-Fiqh Al-Siyāsiy Al-Islāmiy. Cairo: Dar al-Kalimah, 2013.
———. Muḥa>ḍara>t Fi Maqa>şid Al-Shari>ah. Cairo: Dar al-Kalimah, 2014.
———. Murāja’āt Wa Mudāfa’āt. Cairo: Dar al-Kalimah, 2013.
Beirum, Muhammad Ibn Husain. Risālah Fi Al-Siyāsah Al-Shar’iyyah. Dubai: Markaz Jumu’ah al-Majid, 2002.
Fachruddin, Fuad. Agama Dan Pendidikan Demokrasi. Jakarta: Pustaka Alvabet, 2006.
Hardiman, F. Budi. Demokrasi Deliberatif. Yogyakarta: Kanisius, 2009.
Hasani, Ismail. Nadzariyyah Al-Maqāşid `inda Al-Imām Muḥammad Ţahir Bin `Asyūr. Virginia: Al-Ma’had al-’Alami li al-Fikr al-Islami, 1995.
Ibrahim, Duski. Metode Penetapan Hukum Islam Membongkar Konsep Istiqra’ Ma’nawi Asy-Syatibi. Yogyakarta: Ar-Ruz Media, 2008.
Kamali, Mohammad Hashim. “Goals and Purposes Maqasid Al-Shariah Methodological Perspectives.” In The Objectives of Islamic Law the Promises and Challenges of the Maqasid Al-Sharia, edited by Muna Tatari Idris Nessery, Rumee Ahmed, 7–10. London: Lexington Books, 2018.
Khallaf, Abdul Wahhab. `Ilmu Uşūl Al-Fiqh Wa Khulāşah Al-Tasyrī` Al-Islāmiy. Beirut: Dar al-Fikr al-’Arabi, n.d.
Zayyadi, Toha Ahmad. Al-Marji`īyyah Fi Ḍaui as-Siyāsah Al-Syar`īyyah. Oman: Dar an-Nafais, 2014.
Copyright (c) 2019 Syaiful Bahri
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Requirements to be met by the author as follows:
- Author storing copyright and grant the journal right of first publication manuscripts simultaneously with licensed under the CC BY-SA allows others to share the work with a statement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
-
Authors can enter into the preparation of additional contractual separately for the non-exclusive distribution of a decadent version of the journal issue (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with the recognition of initial publication in this journal.
-
Authors are allowed and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) before and during the submission process because it can lead to productive exchanges and citations earlier and more severe than published works. (see The Effect of Open Access).
This work is licensed under CC BY-SA.
