Mitos Dalam Teks Fikih Klasik: Analisis Pengkajian Fikih Terhadap Tema Akidah
Abstract
Generally, people see fiqh as a science of law that examines the concrete term, the real thing, and the visible issues. Therefore, it requires proof. Considerably, fiqh is irrelevant if it has to discuss issues that are not real, unseen, and difficult to prove. At this point, the theme of aqidah is usually referenced. The fiqh is not to address the more disguised axiomatic issues (sarair), and it is more suited to discuss the more fundamental issues (dhawahir). However, this thought becomes a problem when the social phenomenon that arises among us like “santet”, “gendam”, “susuk pengasihan” and others so forth in society that are close to the mystery. Fiqh has been used as a tool to punish such cases. Therefore, it is worthy and vital to present on this paper a variety of fiqh texts that are relevant to the study of mythical magic that can be used as a reference when faced with a problematic situation like it.
Secara umum, umat melihat fikih sebagai ilmu yang membahas persoalan hukum yang mengkaji persoalan nyata, riil, bisa diamati secara kasat mata. Oleh karena itu, ia memerlukan pembuktian. Fikih dianggap tidak relevan jika harus membahas persoalan yang tidak nyata, ghaib, dan sulit dibuktikan. Pada poin ini, tema akidah biasanya bisa dijadikan referensinya. Artinya, fikih tidak untuk membahas isu-isu akidah yang lebih bersifat tersamar (sarâir) karena ia lebih cocok untuk membahas isu yang lebih nyata (dhawâhir). Bagaimanapun, hal ini menjadi problem ketika muncul fenomena santet, gendam, susuk pengasihan dan sebagainya di dalam masyarakat yang semuanya merupakan kasus yang dekat sekali dengan kegaiban. Namun, fikih ternyata dijadikan alat juga untuk menghukumi kasus sedemikian ini. Oleh karena itu, patut melalui tulisan ini dipaparkan berbagai teks fikih yang sesungguhnya relevan dengan kajian mitos kegaiban yang bisa dijadikan rujukan ketika menghadapi situasi problematik tersebut.
Copyright (c) 2019 iza hanifuddin
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Requirements to be met by the author as follows:
- Author storing copyright and grant the journal right of first publication manuscripts simultaneously with licensed under the CC BY-SA allows others to share the work with a statement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
Authors can enter into the preparation of additional contractual separately for the non-exclusive distribution of a decadent version of the journal issue (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with the recognition of initial publication in this journal.
Authors are allowed and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) before and during the submission process because it can lead to productive exchanges and citations earlier and more severe than published works. (see The Effect of Open Access).
This work is licensed under CC BY-SA.