Punishment of Criminal Act of Accusing Adultery (Qadzaf) in Indonesian Positive Law: Perspective of Maqasid al-Sharia
Abstract views: 452
,
PDF downloads: 329
Abstract
Amid the hectic new social space (virtual space), mediated reality, and an era of disruption, the truth of information spread via media is hard to determine, especially with the outbreak of hoaxes that have become a trending issue in the past few decades. Hoaxes are a virtual crime, an act committed via the spread of false stories. Hoaxes can be in the form of accusations of another person committing an immoral act and defamation (assassination character), in this case, accusing another person doing adultery. The author argues that the issue of the criminal act of accusing adultery (qadzaf) in positive Indonesian law is significant to be studied since provisions of positive Indonesian law, as stated in the Criminal Code, do not specifically discuss the criminal act of accusing adultery (qadzaf). This study aimed to analyze the problem of the criminal act of accusing adultery (qadzaf) in positive law by using maqasid al-Sharia. The study is library research conducted by examining materials from the main book relating to problems and other supporting qualitative research studies. This research employed a descriptive-analytical method by describing the legal materials obtained, and then they were analyzed using Maqasid al-Sharia. The research results showed that punishment for the perpetrator of a criminal act of accusing adultery (qadzaf) as regulated in Article 310 paragraph (1) of the Criminal Code is a maximum imprisonment of nine months and or a maximum fine of four thousand and five hundred rupiahs. The aspect of darūriyyāt about punishment for perpetrators of accusing adultery (qadzaf) is the protection of honor (ḥifz al-‘ird). This aspect relates to everyone’s honor, which must be protected. Through the legislative institution, a country needs to reconstruct the Criminal Code into a better law, such as revising a particular chapter that has not fulfilled a sense of justice in eradicating crime very disturbing since a policy must righteously be able to settle the societal problems. Based on the changes in law, following the development of social life and technology today is inevitable.
References
A>sy-Syat{ibi, Abu> Isha>q. Al-Muwa>faqa>t fi> Us{u>l asy-Syari>’ah. Kairo: Must{afa> Muhammad, t.t.
Afridawati. “Stratifikasi Al-Maqashid Al-Khamsah (Agama, Jiwa, Akal, Keturunan dan Harta) dan Penerapannya dalam Maslahah.” Jurnal Al-Qishthu 13, no. 1 (2015): 21, http://jurnal.fs.iainkerinci.ac.id/index.php/alqisthu/article/viewFile/9/2
Al-Ghazali, Abdul Hamid. Ihyaul Ulumuddin. Ciputat: Lentera Hati, 2003.
Al-Jauziyah, Ibnu Qayim. Al-Thuruq al-Khukmiyyah fi al-Siyasah al-Syar’iyyah. translated by Qahar, Adnan. Hukum Acara Peradilan Islam. Yogyakarta : Pustaka Pelajar, 2006.
Al-Kasani, ‘Ala’ Ad-Din. Badai’ Ash-Shanai’ fi Fi Tartib Asy-Syara’i. Vol. VII. Beirut: Daar AlFikr, 1996.
Al-Qaradawi, Yusuf. Dirasah Fi Fiqh Maqa>s{id al-Sharia. ed. III, Kairo: Darus Syuruq, 2007.
Arto, Mukti. Praktek Perkara Perdata pada Pengadilan Agama. ed. III. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar, 2000.
Asy-Syafi’i, Jalaluddin Muhammad Bin Ahmad Al-Muhalli. Sarh Al-Waraqat Fi Us{u>l Al-Fiqh. Beirut; Darul Kudsi, 1999.
Auda, Jasser. Maqa>s{id al-Shari>’ ah as Philosophy of Islamic Law A Systems Approach. Washington: The International Institute of Islamic Thought London, 2007.
Auda, Jasser. Membumikan Hukum Islam Melalui Maqashid Syari’ah. Bandung: PT. Mizan Pustaka, 2015.
Az-Zuhaili, Wahbah. Fiqh Islam wa adillatuhu. Vol. VI. Damaskus: Daar Fikr, 1989.
Bakri, Asafri Jaya. Konsep Maqasid Syariah Menurut As-Syatibi. Jakarta: PT Raja Grafindo Persada, 1996.
Barkatullah, Abdul Halim. Pidana Hukum Islam. Bandung: Citra Aditya, 2003.
Doi, Abdur Rahman I. Tindak Pidana dalam Syari’at Islam. Jakarta : PT Rineka Cipta, 1992.
Fuadi, Munir. Teori Pembuktian Pidana dan Perdata. Bandung: PT. Citra Aditya Bakti, 2006.
Hamzah, Andi. Asas-Asas Hukum Pidana. Jakarta: Rineka Cipta, 2008.
Hamzah, Andi. Hukum Acara Pidana Indonesia. ed. II. Jakarta: Sinar Grafika offset, 2008.
Hamzah. “Kategori Tindak Pidana Hudud dalam Hukum Pidana Islam.” Jurnal Al-Daulah 4, no. 1 (Juni 2015): 68, http://103.55.216.56/index.php/al_daulah/article/download/1502/1442
Harahap, M. Yahya. Pembahasan Permasalahan dan Penerapan KUHAP: Penyidikan dan Penuntutan. Jakarta: Sinar Grafika, 2002.
Harefa, Safaruddin. “Penegakan Hukum Terhadap Tindak Pidana di Indonesia Melalui Hukum Pidana Positif dan Hukum Pidana Islam.” Jurnal UBELAJ 4, no. 1 (April 2019): 55
Haryono, Anwar. Hukum Islam Keluasan dan Keadilan. Jakarta: Bulan Bintang, 1965.
Hasan, Hamzah. Kejahatan Kesusilaan Perspeektif Hukum Pidana Islam. Makasar: Alauddin University Press, 2012.
Hiariej, Eddy. Teori dan Hukum Pembuktian. Jakarta: Erlangga, 2012.
https://putusan3.mahkamahagung.go.id/search.html?q=penghinaan diakses 1 Mei 2021.
Hulam, Taufiqul. Reaktualisasi Alat Bukti Tes DNA Perspektif Hukum Islam dan Hukum Positif. Yogyakarta: UII Press, 2002.
Ibn Rusyd, Muhammad. Bidayatul Mujtahid. Vol. II. Damaskus: Daar Fikr, t.t.
Ilyas, Ismardi. “Stratafikasi Maqashid Al-Syari’ah Terhadap Kemaslahatan dan Penerapannya.” Jurnal Hukum Islam 15, no. 1 (Juni 2014): 17, http://ejournal.uin-suska.ac.id/index.php/hukumislam/article/viewFile/985/919
Jalaluddin, Imam. Tafsir Jalalain. Bandung: Sinar Baru Algensindo, 2010.
Jauhar, Ahmad Al-Mursi Husain. Maqasid Syariah. ed. II. Jakarta: AMZAH, 2010.
Khairunnisak, dkk. “Penerapan Konsep Jera Hukuman Ta’zir dalam Presfektif Maqashid Syariah (Studi Kasus Penegakan Hukum Pada Masa Syeikh Abdul Wahab Rokan Di Babussalam).” Jurnal AT-TAFAHUM: Journal of Islamic Law 2, no.1 (Januari-Juni 2018): 5
Khallaf, Abdul Wahhab. ‘Ilm Ushul al- Fiqh. Kuait: Dar al-Qalam, 1978.
Kusumo, Sudikno Merto. Hukum Acara Perdata Indonesia. Liberty: PT Ilmu Persada, 1999.
Mardiyah, Ainun. “Qadzaf dalam Bentuk Kinayah (Studi Analisis Hukum Pidana Islam)”. Essay, UIN Sumantera Utara Medan, 2019.
Mawardi, Ahmad Imam. Fiqh Minoritas Fiqh Al-Aqlliya>t dan Evolusi Maqa>shid asy-Syari>’ah dari Konsep ke Pendekatan. ed. I, Yogyakarta: Lkis, 2012.
Muljono, Wahju. Teori dan Praktik Peradilan Perdata di Indonesia. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Yustisia, 1995.
Panggabean. Hukum Pembuktian. Bandung: PT Alumni, 2012.
Prasetyo, Muhammad Agus. “Studi Komparatif Tentang Pembuktian Tindak Pidana Menuduh Zina (Qadzaf) Menurut Hukum Islam dan Hukum Positif”. Essay, UIN Walisongo Semarang, 2017.
Rasjid, Sulaiman. Fiqh Islam. Bandung : Sinar Baru Algesindo Bandung, 2010.
Sabiq, Sayyid. Fiqh Sunnah. translated by Husein, Muhammad Nabhan. Bandung : PT Al-Ma’arif, 1990.
Sodiqin, Ali. Fiqh Ushul Fiqh. Yogyakarta: BERANDA, 2012.
Tim Penerbit Citra Umbara. KUHP dan KUHAP. ed. X. Bandung: Citra Umbara, 2013.
Wahyudi, Yudian. Maqasid Syari’ah dalam Pergumulan Politik. ed. IV, Yogyakarta: Pesant ren Nawesea Press, 2014.
Zahrah, Muhammad Abu. Ushul al- Fiqh. Damaskus: Dar Fikr al-‘Araby, t.t.
Copyright (c) 2021 Sudarti Sudarti, Ainun Najib
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Requirements to be met by the author as follows:
- Author storing copyright and grant the journal right of first publication manuscripts simultaneously with licensed under the CC BY-SA allows others to share the work with a statement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
Authors can enter into the preparation of additional contractual separately for the non-exclusive distribution of a decadent version of the journal issue (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with the recognition of initial publication in this journal.
Authors are allowed and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) before and during the submission process because it can lead to productive exchanges and citations earlier and more severe than published works. (see The Effect of Open Access).
This work is licensed under CC BY-SA.
