Strengthening Employee Retention in Islamic Microfinance: Analyzing Workload, Perceived Organizational Support, and Commitment at Baitul Maal wat Tamwil (BMT)

Laila Khoirunisa; Muhammad Zakiy; Purbo Jadmiko; Ardian Samsuddin

doi:10.21154/invest.v5i1.10270

Authors

Laila Khoirunisa Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta https://orcid.org/0009-0000-3053-8459
Muhammad Zakiy Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6085-6957
Purbo Jadmiko Universitas Bung Hatta https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5417-1548
Ardian Samsuddin Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta https://orcid.org/0009-0009-1275-1104

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.21154/invest.v5i1.10270

Keywords:

baitul maal wat tamwil (BMT), continuance commitment, perceived organizational support (POS), turnover intention, workload

Abstract

Human resources are an important aspect of an organization that cannot be separated from turnover problems. The high turnover rate remains a serious problem that organizations must minimize. One of the factors that can cause high turnover rates is the employee workload. Despite this, some factors can be highlighted to reduce turnover rates due to high workload, namely, perceived organizational support (POS) and continuance commitment. This study aimed to determine the effect of workload on turnover intention, with perceived organizational support (POS) and continuance commitment as moderating variables. This study used a quantitative method. Data were collected using questionnaires distributed to employees of BMT BIF Yogyakarta. The research respondents were 75 people collected using a saturated sampling method. Data analysis in this study used Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) in the Smart PLS 3.2.9 application. The results of the study show that there is an influence between workload and turnover intention. In addition, the perceived organizational support variable can also moderate the effect of workload on turnover intention, while continuance commitment cannot moderate the effect of workload on turnover intention. The managerial implications lead to the organization's role to always pay attention to the workload assigned to employees and to increase the perceived organizational support for employees so that turnover intention can be minimized.

References

Amalia, Dewi Puspa, and Muhammad Zakiy. “Working Period As A Moderating Variable Of Work Family Conflict, Work Stress, And Turnover Intention On Contraproductive Work Behavior (Case Study On Bca Syariah).” Perisai : Islamic Banking and Finance Journal 5, no. 2 (October 16, 2021): 227–46. https://doi.org/10.21070/perisai.v5i2.1363.

Anin Dwita, Viona, and Rozikan. “The Effect of Islamic Work Ethics and Affective Commitment on Quality of Work Life and Turnover Intention of Sharia Bank.” Journal of Islamic Economic and Business Research 2, no. 1 (June 30, 2022): 90–103. https://doi.org/10.18196/jiebr.v2i1.52.

Ardias, Widia Sri. “Peran Perceived Organizational Support Sebagai Moderator Pada Hubungan Job Stress Dengan Intensi Turnover.” Al-Qalb : Jurnal Psikologi Islam 9, no. 1 (2019): 20–31. https://doi.org/10.15548/alqalb.v9i1.850.

Arifin, M . Zainal, Taher Alhabsji, and Hamidah Nayati Utami. “Pengaruh Beban Kerja Dan Kompensasi Terhadap Komitmen Organisasional Dalam Upaya Meningkatkan Kinerja Karyawan (Studi Pada Karyawan Tingkat Pelaksana Perum Jasa Tirta I Wilayah Sungai Brantas Dan Bengawan Solo).” Jurnal Bisnis Dan Manajemen 3, no. 2 (2016): 64–76.

Astuti, Dewi Puji, and Muhammad Zakiy. “Self Efficacy Sebagai Variabel Moderasi Pengaruh Stres Kerja Terhadap Turnover Inttention Dan Komitmen Afektif Karyawan Bank Syariah Indonesia.” Jurnal Riset Manajemen & Bisnis 7, no. 1 (2022): 13–23.

Daffa, Muhammad Irfan, Moh. Mas’udi, and Ilmi Mu’min Musyrifin. “Leaders and Whistleblowers: Application of Whistleblowing in Islamic Financial Institutions.” Journal of Islamic Economic and Business Research 2, no. 1 (June 30, 2022). https://doi.org/10.18196/jiebr.v2i1.50.

Darmawanti, Agnes Irtikasari Nelly, Eny Rahmawati, and Dina Nurpita Suprawoto. “Hubungan Beban Kerja Terhadap Tingkat Burnout Perawat Pasien Kemoterapi Di Rumah Sakit Panti Nirmala Malang.” Jurnal Keperawatan Florence 1, no. 1 (2021).

Darmika, Ni Komang Astri Pramita, and Anak Agung Ayu Sriathi. “Pengaruh Pengembangan Karier, Komitmen Organisasional Dan Perceived Organizational Support Terhadap Retensi Karyawan.” E-Jurnal Manajemen Universitas Udayana 8, no. 7 (2019): 4153. https://doi.org/10.24843/ejmunud.2019.v08.i07.p06.

Dawami, Qosdan, Dzuljastri Abdul Razak, and Hamdino Hamdan. “Human Resources and Islamic Microfinance Sustainability: An Empirical Study of Baitul Maal Wat Tamwil in Indonesia.” Journal of Islamic Business and Management (JIBM) 11, no. 01 (June 30, 2021): 90–104. https://doi.org/10.26501/jibm/2021.1101-007.

Eisenberger, R., and F. Stinglhamber. Perceived Organizational Support: Fostering Enthusiastic and Productive Employees. Washington DC: American Psychological Association, 2011.

Eisenberger, Robert, Stephen Armeli, Barbara Rexwinkel, Patrick D. Lynch, and Linda Rhoades. “Reciprocation of POS.” Journal of Applied Psychology, 2001.

Eisenberger, Robert, Robin Huntington, Steven Hutchison, and Debora Sowa. “Perceived Organizational Support.” Journal of Applied Psychology 71, no. 3 (August 1986): 500–507. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.71.3.500.

Eisenberger, Robert, and Florence Stinglhamber. Perceived Organizational Support: Fostering Enthusiastic and Productive Employees. Washington: American Psychological Association, 2011. https://doi.org/10.1037/12318-000.

Gayatri, Eva, and Ani Muttaqiyatun. “Pengaruh Job Insecurity, Beban Kerja, Kepuasan Kerja Dan Komitmen Organisasi Terhadap Turnover Intention Karyawan Milenial.” Proceeding of The Urecol 11, no. 1 (2020): 77–85.

Hair, Joseph F., G. Tomas M. Hult, Christian M. Ringle, Marko Sarstedt, and Kai Oliver Thiele. “Mirror, Mirror on the Wall: A Comparative Evaluation of Composite-Based Structural Equation Modeling Methods.” Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science 45, no. 5 (September 16, 2017): 616–32. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11747-017-0517-x.

Harahap, Muhammad Armedi Eka Purdini, and Alice Salendu. “Peran Perceived Organizational Support Dan Psychological Capital Sebagai Moderator Pada Hubungan Antara Job Insecurity Dan Turnover Intention.” Syntax Literate Jurnal Ilmiah Indonesia 6, no. 1 (November 20, 2021): 81. https://doi.org/10.36418/syntax-literate.v6i1.3775.

Hartono, J. M, and W Abdillah. Konsep Aplikasi PLS (Partial Least Square) Untuk Penelitian Empiris, Edisi Pertama. Cetakan Kedua. Yogyakarta: BPFE, 2014.

Harvida, Donny Agung, and Chandra Wijaya. “Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Turnover Karyawan Dan Strategi Retensi Sebagai Pencegahan Turnover Karyawan : Sebuah Tinjauan Literatur.” Jurnal Ilmu Administrasi Negara 16, no. 1 (2020): 13–23.

Jadmiko, Purbo. “Perceived Social Support as Moderator Variable Between the Attitude of Becoming A Social Entrepreneur (ATB) On Social Entrepreneurial Intention.” Journal of Islamic Economic and Business Research 1, no. 1 (2021): 86–99. https://doi.org/10.18196/jiebr.v1i1.11703.

Kusmarjanti, Ulfah, and Helly P Soetjipto. “Dukungan Organisasi Dan Komitmen Organisasi.” Jurnal Kebijakan Dan Administrasi Publik 11, no. 1 (2007): 27–41.

Maier, Norman R.F. Psychlogy In Industry 3Rd EditionTerjemahan. Boston : The Riverside Press. Boston: The Riverside Press., 1970.

Meyer, John P., and Natalie J. Allen. “A Three-Component Conceptualization of Organizational Commitment.” Human Resource Management Review 1, no. 1 (March 1991): 61–89. https://doi.org/10.1016/1053-4822(91)90011-Z.

Montani, Francesco, Christian Vandenberghe, Anis Khedhaouria, and François Courcy. Examining the Inverted U-Shaped Relationship between Workload and Innovative Work Behavior: The Role of Work Engagement and Mindfulness. Human Relations. Vol. 73, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1177/0018726718819055.

———. “Examining the Inverted U-Shaped Relationship between Workload and Innovative Work Behavior: The Role of Work Engagement and Mindfulness.” Human Relations 73, no. 1 (January 2020): 59–93. https://doi.org/10.1177/0018726718819055.

Mudiono, Ika Nurul Qamari, and Heru Kurnianto Tjahjono. “The Meaning of Work Life Enrichment and Its Impact on Turnover Intention.” International Journal of Innovative Research and Scientific Studies 4, no. 4 (2021): 258–68. https://doi.org/10.53894/ijirss.v4i4.268.

Nazir, Sajjad, Amina Shafi, Wang Qun, Nadia Nazir, and Quang Dung Tran. “Influence of Organizational Rewards on Organizational Commitment and Turnover Intentions.” Employee Relations 38, no. 4 (June 6, 2016): 596–619. https://doi.org/10.1108/ER-12-2014-0150.

Nora, Liza. “Trust, Commitment, and Customer Knowledge: Clarifying Relational Commitments and Linking Them to Repurchasing Intentions.” Management Decision 57, no. 11 (2019): 3134–58. https://doi.org/10.1108/MD-10-2017-0923.

Parinding, Roberto Goga. “Analisis Pengaruh Komitmen Afektif, Komitmen Berkelanjutan, Dan Komitmen Normatif Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Pada PT. Pegadaian (Persero) Cabang Ketapang.” Magistra Jurnal Ilmu Manajemen 1, no. 2 (2017): 88–107.

Pradana, Fawzi Rizki, Heru Kurnianto Tjahjono, and Nuryakin Nuryakin. “Increasing Knowledge Transfer to Employees Through Organizational Justice with Affective Commitment as Mediator.” Jurnal Manajemen Bisnis 12, no. 2 (2021): Layouting. https://doi.org/10.18196/mb.v12i2.11397.

Prasetyo, Johan Hendri, Joko Ariawan, and Eny Ariyanto. “An Excellent Strategy In Reducing Turnover Intention At Permata Keluarga Bekasi Hospital.” International Journal of Scientific & Technology Research Forum 10, no. 10 (2021). https://www.ijstr.org/final-print/jan2021/An-Excellent-Strategy-In-Reducing-Turnover-Intention-At-Permata-Keluarga-Bekasi-Hospital.pdf.

Qadir, Zuly. “Menjaga Marwah Muhammadiyah.” Yogyakarta, 2024.

Rahma, Athika. “Tren Perekrutan Karyawan Indonesia Bakal Melambat Di 2020.” liputan6.com, 2019.

Rhoades, Linda, and Robert Eisenberger. “Perceived Organizational Support : A Review of the Literature.” Journal of Applied Psychology 87, no. 4 (2002): 698–714. https://doi.org/10.1037//0021-9010.87.4.698.

———. “Perceived Organizational Support: A Review of the Literature.” Journal of Applied Psychology 87, no. 4 (August 2002): 698–714. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.87.4.698.

Sukamto, Widiyanto bin Mislan Cokrohadisumarto, Riawan, and Mohamad Sodikin. “THE ROLE OF MUSAWAH (SYMMETRIC) INFORMATION PARTNERSHIP ON FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF SHARI’A BPR.” INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ECONOMICS MANAGEMENT AND ACCOUNTING. PO BOX 70 PETALING JAYA, SALANGER, 46700, MALAYSIA: IIUM PRESS, 2023.

Sukamto, Harwin, Yoshua Junarto, Thomas Kaihatu, and Endo Wijaya Kartika. “Analisa Pengaruh Komitmen Afektif, Komitmen Normatif, Dan Komitmen Berkelanjutan Terhadap Turnover Intention Di Dragon Star Surabaya.” Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling 53, no. 9 (2013): 1689–99.

Sukamto, Harwin, Yoshua Junarto, Thomas Stefanus Kaihatu, and Endo Wijaya Kartika. “Analisa Pengaruh Komitmen Afektif, Komitmen Normatif, Dan Komitmen Berkelanjutan Terhadap Turnover Intention Di Dragon Star Surabaya.” Urnal Hospitality Dan Manajemen Jasa 2, no. 2 (2014): 466–78. https://www.neliti.com/id/publications/83905/analisa-pengaruh-komitmen-afektif-komitmen-normatif-dan-komitmen-berkelanjutan-t#cite.

Sutrisno, Sutrisno, and Mutiara Indriasari. “The Effect of Workload on Organizational Citizenship Behaviour (OCB) with Work Motivation in Islamic Perspective as a Mediating Variable.” Al Tijarah 6, no. 1 (2020): 72. https://doi.org/10.21111/tijarah.v6i1.5091.

Tillama, Putu Intan, and I Made Ady Wirawan. “Hubungan Beban Kerja Dan Kelelahan Kerja Dengan Turnover Intention Pada Pekerja Outsourcing Pt X Tahun 2020.” Archive of Community Health 8, no. 1 (2021): 155. https://doi.org/10.24843/ach.2021.v08.i01.p11.

Timorti, Rizky Jati. “Pengaruh Job Insecurity Dan Beban Kerja Terhadap Turnover Intention Dengan Perceived Organizational Support Sebagai Variabel Pemoderasi (Studi Pada Karyawan BRI Syariah DIY).” Repository UMY, 2020.

Wardati, Nanda Ayu. “Pengaruh Beban Kerja Terhadap Turnover Intention Dimediasi Oleh Kejenuhan Kerja (Burnout) Sebagai Variabel Intervening Pada Pt. Pulau Baru Group Banjarmasin.” Jurnal Sains Manajemen Dan Kewirausahaan 2, no. 2 (2018): 117–26.

Widjayanti, Rina Eka, Siswoyo Haryono, and Susanto. “The Mediating Role of Perceived Organization Support on the Effect of Intrinsic and Extrinsic Rewards on Organizational Commitment among the Employees of Madukismo Sugar Factory Yo ... The Mediating Role of Perceived Organization Support on the Effect Of” 45, no. July (2018): 23–31.

Widjayanti, Rina Eka, Siswoyo Haryono, and Susanto Susanto. “The Mediating Role of Perceived Organization Support on the Effect of Intrinsic and Extrinsic Rewards on Organizational Commitment among the Employees of Madukismo Sugar Factory Yogyakarta.” Journal of Resources Development and Management 45 (n.d.). https://www.iiste.org/Journals/index.php/JRDM/article/view/42899.

Zakiy, Muhammad. “Linking Person Supervisor Fit With Employee Performance and Work Engagement: The Mediating Role of LMX.” Sage Open 14, no. 3 (July 16, 2024). https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440241271183.

———. “To Examine Leader-Member Exchange as Moderating Variable on the Influence of Employee Psychological Uncertainty toward Employees’ Job Satisfaction and Turnover Intention.” Journal of Leadership in Organizations 1, no. 1 (April 3, 2019): 29–47. https://doi.org/10.22146/jlo.43770.

Zakiy, Muhammad, and Muhsin Haryanto. “Linking of Service Quality and Switching Costs with Turnover Intentions: The Mediating Role of Customer Loyalty.” In Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Sustainable Innovation 2020-Accounting and Management (ICoSIAMS 2020), 201:29–37. Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2021. https://doi.org/10.2991/aer.k.210121.005.

Zakiy, Muhammad, and Khairiza Ramadhani. “Linking Perceived Supervisor Listening with OCBIP in Islamic Financial Institution: Multiple Mediation Approach.” Journal of Islamic Accounting and Business Research, May 1, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIABR-09-2023-0291.

Zhang, Jun Cheng, Wen Quan Ling, Zhao Yi Zhang, and Jun Xie. “Organizational Commitment, Work Engagement, Person–Supervisor Fit, and Turnover Intention: A Total Effect Moderation Model.” Social Behavior and Personality 43, no. 10 (2015): 1657–66. https://doi.org/10.2224/sbp.2015.43.10.1657.