Hukum Fee Kafālah di Lembaga Keuangan Syariah Perspektif Fikih
Main Article Content
Abstract
The contracts in Fiqh Muamalah have all been implemented in Sharia Financial Institutions. One of the implemented contract products is kafālah. Kafālah is a binding contract between a kāfîl (guarantor) to a guaranteed party (makfūl lah) for the receivables given for the implementation of a project/work. In Islamic Financial Institutions, the kafālah contract is applied as a Bank Guarantee, Letter Of Credit and Sharia Credit Card (Syariah Card). Contract products that use the kafālah system all have a fee. However, the problem is that many people are confused about the law on the existence of the kafālah fee. This paper describes the law, basis and reasons for Ulam related to kafālah fees implemented in Islamic Financial Institutions. This research uses a type of literature research or library research, namely by collecting data that is the main source from various books, books, articles, scientific journals, and other writings related to the kafālah. The approach taken by the researcher is using a qualitative approach, where the data collected is not in the form of numbers, but the data is obtained from the study and review of literature on bibliographic sources. The results of the analysis of researchers related to the law of kafalah fees in Islamic Financial Institutions from the perspective of fiqh are different in the opinion of scholars (ikhtilaf). A kafālah contract is a tabarru contract (charity program), not a tijari contract entitled to a fee. This principle makes some Fiqh scholars not allow a kāfîl to take a fee for insurance services given to the makfūl 'anhu. However, some scholars allow fees on kafālah contracts because of the condition of a general-purpose, so that if there is no fee, it will not realize the benefit and carry out good deeds.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
An author who publishes in the Invest Journal of Sharia & Economic Law agrees to the following terms:
- The author retains the copyright and grants the journal the right of first publication of the work simultaneously licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal;
- The author is able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book) with the acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal;
- The author is permitted and encouraged to post his/her work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of the published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License
References
Al-Dasuqi, Muhammad. Hasyiah Al-Dasuqy ’Ala Syarhi Al-Kabir. Vol. 3. Beirut: Darul Kutub Al-Ilmiyah, 2015.
Al-Jaziri, Abdurrahman. Al-Fiqh ’Ala Madzahib al-Arba’ah. Vol. 3. Beirut: Dar al-Fikr, 1996.
Al-Mawardi, Imam Abu Hasan. Al-Hawi Al-Kabir. Vol. 6. Beirut: Darul Kutub Al-Ilmiyah, tt.
Al-Qurtubi, Ibnu Rusy. Al-Muqaddimat Al-Mumahhadah. Vol. 2. Beirut: Dar al-Fikr, tt.
Anggito, Albi dan Johan Setiawan. Metodologi Penelitian Kualitatif. Sukabumi: CV Jejak, 2018.
Aprianto, Naerul Edwin Kiky. “Implementasi Bentuk-Bentuk Akad Bernama Dalam Lembaga Keuangan Syariah.” ISLAMICONOMIC: Jurnal Ekonomi Islam 9, no. 1 (June 28, 2018). https://doi.org/10.32678/ijei.v9i1.58.
Arif, M Syaikhul, and Siti Halilah. “Kafalah Dalam Pandangan Islam.” Siyasah: Jurnal Hukum Tata Negara 2, no. 2 (n.d.): 7. https://ejournal.an-nadwah.ac.id/index.php/Siyasah/article/view/122.
At-Thabari, Imam Ibnu Jarir. Ikhtilaful Fuqaha’. Beirut: Darul Kutub Al-Ilmiyah, tt.
Az-Zuhaily, Wahbah. Al-Fiqh al-Islami Wa Adillatuhu, Terj. Abdul Hayyie Al-Kattani. Vol. 5. Jakarta: Gema Insani, 2013.
Fatha Pringgar, Rizaldy. “Penelitian Kepustakaan(Library Research) Modul Pembelajaran Berbasis Augmented Realitypada Pembelajaran Siswa.” Jurnal IT-EDU 5, no. 1 (n.d.). https://ejournal.unesa.ac.id/index.php/it-edu/article/view/37489/33237.
Firmanda, Hengki. “Syariah Card (Kartu Kredit Syariah) Ditinjau dari Asas Utilitas dan Maslahah.” Jurnal Ilmu Hukum 5, no. 2 (2014). http://dx.doi.org/10.30652/jih.v4i2.2793.
Hanif, Abdul. “Akad Kafalah Dalam perspektif Filsafat Ditinjau Dari Asas Kemanusiaan.” Jurnal Tahkim 17, no. 1 (2019): 10. https://doi.org/DOI : 10.33477/thk.v15i1.906.
Kasanah, Nur, and Mohammad Ghozali. “Analisis Hukum Terhadap Praktik Produk Jasa Perbankan Syariah (Fee Based Service) Legal Analysis On The Practice Of Sharia Banking Service Product (Fee Based Service).” Inovasi; Jurnal Diklat Keagamaan BDK Surabaya 12, no. 2 (2018). https://bdksurabaya.e-journal.id/bdksurabaya/article/view/51.
Majelis Ulama Indonesia, ed. Himpunan Fatwa Keuangan Syariah. Ciracas, Jakarta: Penerbit Erlangga, 2014.
Mardani. Fiqh Ekonomi Syariah: Fiqh Muamalah. Ed. 1., cet. 1. Rawamangun, Jakarta: Kencana, 2012.
Mirzaqon, Abdi. “Library Research Of The Basic Theory And Practice Of Expressive Writing Counseling.” Jurnal BK UNESA 8, no. 1 (n.d.). https://ejournal.unesa.ac.id/index.php/jurnal-bk-unesa/article/view/22037.
Moh. Asra. “Implementasi Aplikasi al-Kafâlah di Lembaga Keuangan Syari’ah di Indonesia.” Istidlal: Jurnal Ekonomi dan Hukum Islam 4, no. 2 (October 15, 2020): 74–84. https://doi.org/10.35316/istidlal.v4i2.263.
Nawawi, Ismail. Fikih Muamalah Klasik dan Kontemporer: Hukum Perjanjian, Ekonomi, Bisnis, dan Sosial. Jakarta: Ghalia Indonesia, 2012.
Nugraheni, Destri Budi. “Analisis Fatwa Dewan Syariah Nasional Tentang Wakalah, Hawalah, Dan Kafalah Dalam Kegiatan Jasa Perusahaan Pembiayaan Syariah.” Jurnal Media Hukum 24, no. 2 (2017). https://doi.org/10.18196/jmh.2017.0088.124-136.
Nujaim, Ibnu. Al-Bahru Al-Raiq. Vol. 6. Beirut: Darul Kutub Al-Ilmiyah, tt.
Oktariane, Dini Dela, Asep Ramdan Hidayat, and Neneng Nurhasanah. “Analisis Hukum Islam Terhadap Penerapan Konsep Kafalah Bil Ujrah Pada Penerbitan Warkat Bank Garansi Di PT. Bank BRI Syariah Kantor Cabang Citarum Bandung.” Prosiding Keuangn dan Perbankan Syariah 2 (2015): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.29313/syariah.v0i0.1131.
Qudamah, Ibnu. Al-Mughni. Vol. 6. Beirut: Darul Kutub Al-Ilmiyah, tt.
Rakhmadi, Rezki Syahri. “Konsep dan Penerapan Sistem Jaminan Pada Lembaga Keuangan Syariah.” Jurnal Madani Syariah 2, no. 2 (2019): 16. https://stai-binamadani.e-journal.id/Madanisyariah/article/view/133.
Rozalinda. Fikih Ekonomi Syariah: Prinsip Dan Implementasi Pada Sektor Keuangan Syariah. Jakarta: PT Raja Granfindo Persada, 2016.
Sabiq, Sayid. Fiqh Al-Sunnah. Vol. 3. Beirut: Darul Kutub Al-Arabi, 2013.
Siti Nurhasanah dan Vina Sri Yuniarti. “Analisa Fatwa Dewan Syariah Nasional Majlis Ulama Indonesia Nomor 11/DSN-MUI/IV/2000 Tentang Ujrah Pada Kafalah.” Al-Muamlat; Jurnal Ekonomi Syariah 6, no. 2 (2019). https://journal.uinsgd.ac.id/index.php/mua/article/view/9646.
Suhendi, Hendi. Fiqh Muamalah. Jakarta: PT RajaGranfindo Persada, 2002.
Yusianti, Desycha. “Penggunaan Akad Kafalah Bi Al- ’Ujrah Pada Pembiayaan Take Over Perspektif Hukum Islam.” Maliyah; Jurnal Hukum Bisnis Islam 07, no. 01 (2017): 29. http://jurnalfsh.uinsby.ac.id/index.php/maliyah/article/view/452.
Zainuri, Hamzah. “Fee Pada Perjanjian Kafalah (analisis Bank Garansi).” Jurnal Akad 1, no. 1 (2017): 22. https://ojs.serambimekkah.ac.id/akad/issue/view/48/showToc.