A Jurisprudential Review of Business Competition Practices on the Shopee Platform Unfair Practices and Their Impact on Small Businesses
Main Article Content
Abstract
The rapid development of technology has transformed conventional business practices, with digital platforms such as Shopee providing innovative features, such as live streaming and flash sales. However, these features have the potential to enable unfair business competition. This study examines the impact of live streaming on Shopee Live and Toko Saya flash sales on a Shopee platform from the perspective of business competition. Using a qualitative approach, this study focuses on the policies and practices surrounding these features. The findings reveal that while certain promotional practices are legitimate, the ongoing practice of providing conditional discounts and low prices may violate business competition laws and principles of business competition jurisprudence in Islam. Sellers and buyers have indicated that these practices are not based on the principles of honesty and balance and can be detrimental to smaller businesses with limited capital. This study highlights the need for businesses to prioritize moral ethics and adhere to religious and state rules to create a fair and competitive market that protects consumer rights. As digital platforms continue to grow, it is crucial to address the potential for unhealthy business competition and to ensure that all parties, including conventional business actors, can participate fairly in the market.
Article Details
How to Cite
Munawaroh, D. (2024). A Jurisprudential Review of Business Competition Practices on the Shopee Platform: Unfair Practices and Their Impact on Small Businesses. Invest Journal of Sharia & Economic Law, 4(1), 189-210. https://doi.org/10.21154/invest.v4i1.9005
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Pusat Edukasi Penjual Shopee Indonesia, "Tentang Shopee Live", https://seller.Shopee.co.id/edu/article/19646, (January 2024).
Pusat Edukasi Penjual Shopee Indonesia, dalam https://seller.Shopee.co.id/edu/article/18646, (accessed January 13, 2024).
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Aditya, A. d. (2002). Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia. Surabaya: Prima Media.
Andi Frezky Saputra, dkk. (2024). Dinamika Hukum Persaingan Usaha di Era Digital: Analisis Perlindungan Hukum dalam E-Commerce Shopee dan Tiktok Shop di Indonesia. Jurnal Ilmu Hukum dan Tata Negara Vol.02.
Andriyana, Ahmad Saoki, Agus Wibowo, and Suparno Suparno. “The Effect of Flash Sale on Purchasing Decisions: A Theoretical Approach.” International Student Conference on Business, Education, Economics, Accounting, and Management (ISC-BEAM) 1, no. 1 (February 23, 2024): 651–58. https://doi.org/10.21009/isc-beam.011.46.
Edi Saefurrohman. (2022). Tinjuan Hukum Islam terhadap Praktik Persaingan Usaha dengan Sistem Predatory Pricing (Studi Kasus pada Promo Toko Aplikasi Shopee). Semarang: Universitas Islam Negeri Walisongo.
Efendi, B. (2020). “Pengawasan dan Penegakan Hukum terhadap Bisnis Digital (E-commerce) oleh Komisi Pengawasan Persaingan Usaha (KPPU) dalam Praktek Persaingan Usaha Tidak Sehat.” Syiah Kuala Law Journal Vol.4, 22.
Eka Putri, Mutiara, Hanif Hanif, and Tulus Suryanto. “The Influence Of Product Review Features And Shipping Cost Subsidiaries On Purchase Decisions In The Shopee Marketplace.” International Student Conference on Business, Education, Economics, Accounting, and Management (ISC-BEAM) 1, no. 1 (February 17, 2024): 113–23. https://doi.org/10.21009/isc-beam.011.07.
Fadila, N. (2019). “Analisis Hukum Islam terhadap Jual Beli Online Flash Sale di Tokopedia. Jurnal Hukum Bisnis Islam Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Ampel Surabaya.
Fauzia, I. Y. (2012). Etika Bisnis dalam Islam. Sidoarjo: Kencana Prenada Media Group.
Fitri, Fitri, and Sri Jaya Lesmana. “INDIKASI PREDATORY PRICING PADA PRAKTEK FLASH SALE PELAKU USAHA E-COMMERCE DALAM PERSPEKTIF HUKUM PERSAINGAN USAHA.” SUPREMASI HUKUM 17, no. 02 (July 21, 2021): 48–53. https://doi.org/10.33592/jsh.v17i2.1365.
Fox, Eleanor M. “‘We Protect Competition, You Protect Competitors.’” World Competition 26, no. Issue 2 (June 1, 2003): 149–65. https://doi.org/10.54648/woco2003002.
Gilin, J. L. (2001). Seperti yang dikutip Soejono Soekanto Sosiologi: Suatu Pengantar. Jakarta: Raja Grafindo Persada.
Janel F, Torres Princess, Bryan G Lazaro, Espares Jeralyn D, Urmeneta Jen Angela, Gregorio Briene E, and Capucao Abegel B. “Trust and Online Transactions: An In-Depth Case Study of Consumer Perceptions and Behavior in E-Commerce.” International Journal of Advanced Multidisciplinary Research and Studies 4, no. 3 (May 20, 2024): 416–20. https://doi.org/10.62225/2583049x.2024.4.3.2802.
Koto, Rahmadani, Ocdy Amelia, and Cahyo Pramono. “Effects of Product Quality and Price on the Purchase Decision in Shopee Marketplace (A Case Study at Department of Business Administration, Politeknik Negeri Medan).” Konfrontasi: Jurnal Kultural, Ekonomi Dan Perubahan Sosial 9, no. 2 (June 2, 2022): 236–47. https://doi.org/10.33258/konfrontasi2.v9i2.211.
Luqman, M. F. L. (2021). “Urgensi Konsep Perlindungan Konsumen terhadap Program Flash Sale pada Marketplace Shopee. Journal of Islamic Business Law.
Made, A. (2020). “Analisis Penentuan Harga Jual Barang Preloved (Studi Kasus pada Bisnis Barang Preloved @Bekasberkualitas).” Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Akuntansi, vol.11, (3), 440.
Mahmud, A. A. (2012). al-munafasah at-Tijariyah fiy al-Fiqh al-Islamy wa Alsuruha -ala as-Suq: Risalah Majister. Nabulsi: Jami'ah an-Najah al-Wathaniyyah.
Marpaung, Irma Rahmayani, Nuri Aslami, and Zuhrinal M Nawawi. “Analysis of the Application of Business Ethics in Online Buying and Selling Transactions on the Shopee Marketplace.” Journal Of Social Research 1, no. 12 (November 3, 2022): 499–507. https://doi.org/10.55324/josr.v1i12.347.
Moha, M.R. dkk. (2020). Urgensi Pendaftaran Penyelenggaraan Sistem Elektronik Bagi Pelaku Usaha E-Commerce. Jambura Law Review, vol.2, 102.
Munifa, Munifa, and Syarifah Aini. “Application of Akad and Sharia Compliance to Online Shop Shopee in an Islamic Economic Perspective.” Muhasabatuna : Jurnal Akuntansi Syariah 4, no. 2 (February 27, 2023): 047–056. https://doi.org/10.54471/muhasabatuna.v4i2.2238.
Muzakkir, Ahmad Zaky. “MEKANISME PASAR PENDEKATAN RETROSFEKTIF EKONOMI ISLAM.” JURNAL AL-QARDH 5, no. 2 (December 31, 2020): 153–64. https://doi.org/10.23971/jaq.v5i2.2200.
Nandy, “Pendiri Shopee dan Kisah Perjalanan Karirnya”, dalam https://www.gramedia.com/literasi/pendiri-Shopee/#googlevignette, (diakses pada tanggal 14 Desember 2023).
Natasyalia Anisatul 'Azizah. (2023). Persaingan Usaha di Desa Pondok Kecamatan Babadan Kabupaten Ponorogo Perspektif Fiqh Persaingan Usaha dan Undang-undang No 5 Tahun 1999. Ponorogo: IAIN Ponorogo.
Nur Atifi. “Tech in Asia - Connecting Asia’s startup ecosystem”. www.techinasia.com (dalam bahasa inggris). 22 Agustus 2018, https://www.techinasia.com/Shopee-sales-surge-helps-sea-hit-record-revenue. Accessed December 14, 2023.
Onno W Purbo, A. A. (2001). Mengenal E-commerce (Bab I). Jakarta: Alex Media Komputindo.
Prajana, A. S. (2021). “Pemanfaatan Video Streaming sebagai Media Pemasaran pada Fitur Shopee live.” Jurnal TANTRA. Vol.8, 146-147.
Pusat Bantuan, Help Center Shopee Live, dalam https://seller.Shopee.co.id/edu/article/18646. (accessed January 25, 2024).
Pusat Edukasi Penjual Shopee Indonesia, "Tentang Flash Sale Toko Saya", https://seller.Shopee.co.id/edu/article/1912, (January 2024).
Pusat Edukasi Penjual Shopee Indonesia, "Tentang Shopee Live", https://seller.Shopee.co.id/edu/article/19646, (January 2024).
Pusat Edukasi Penjual Shopee Indonesia, dalam https://seller.Shopee.co.id/edu/article/18646, (accessed January 13, 2024).
Putri Wita Stefhani. (2019). Persaingan Usaha dalam Perspektif Etika Bisnis Islam (Studi Kasus Pedagang Sayur dan Warung Sayur di Desa Banjarrejo, Kecamatan Batanghari, Kabupaten Lampung Timur). Lampung: IAIN Metro.
Roliansyah, Arhadian, Amelia Utami, Asnaini Asnaini, and Nonie Afrianty. “ANALISIS TRANSAKSI JUAL BELI ONLINE DI MARKETPLACE SHOPEE MENURUT KONSEP BISNIS ISLAM PADA MASA PANDEMI COVID 19.” Juremi: Jurnal Riset Ekonomi 1, no. 5 (March 9, 2022): 443–56. https://doi.org/10.53625/juremi.v1i5.1675.
Rumadi Ahmad, d. (2019). Fikih Persaingan Usaha. Jakarta: Lakpesdam PBNU.
Ruslang, Ruslang, Muslimin Kara, and Abdul Wahab. “Etika Bisnis E-Commerce Shopee Berdasarkan Maqashid Syariah Dalam Mewujudkan Keberlangsungan Bisnis.” Jurnal Ilmiah Ekonomi Islam 6, no. 3 (November 19, 2020): 665. https://doi.org/10.29040/jiei.v6i3.1412.
Sarah, N. S. (2022). “The Effect of Live Streaming on Purchase Intention of E-Commerce Customer.” Jurnal ICFBEi. 283.
Sari, Sinta Puspita. (2020). “Jurnal Analisis Komunikasi Bisnis dalam Meningkatkan Penjualan UMKM Sishop_Id pada fitur Live di Aplikasi Shopee.” Student Research Vol 1, No.3, 176-189.
Shopee Indonesia, “Tentang Shopee,” dalam https://careers.Shopee.co.id/about (accessed December 14, 2023).
Undang-Undang Nomor 5 Tahun 1999 Tentang Larangan Praktik Monopoli dan Persaingan Usaha Tidak Sehat.
Wu, Xunbo, Wenqi Jiang, and Lingjie Meng. “Sustainable E-Commerce: Blockchain and Channel Structure in Online Retail Platforms,” July 2, 2024. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202407.0181.v1.